LESSON 77

ANTONY OVER CAESAR’S DEAD BODY

安东尼站在恺撒尸体前

Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears:

I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.

The evil that men do lives after them;

The good is oft interred with their bones;

So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus

Hath told you Caesar was ambitious:

If it were so, it was a grievous fault,

And grievously hath Caesar answered it.

Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest—

For Brutus is an honorable man;

So are they all, all honorable men—

Come I to speak in Caesar’s funeral.

He was my friend, faithful and just to me:

But Brutus says he was ambitious;

And Brutus is an honorable man.

He hath brought many captives home to Rome,

Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill:

Did this in Caesar seem ambitious?

When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept:

Ambition should be made of sterner stuff:

Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;

And Brutus is an honorable man.

You all did see, that on the Lupercal,

I thrice presented him a kingly crown,

Which he did thrice refuse. Was this ambition?

Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;

And, sure, he is an honorable man.

I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke,

But here I am to speak what I do know.

You all did love him once, not without cause;

What cause withholds you, then, to mourn for him?

O judgment! thou art fled to brutish beasts,

And men have lost their reason. Bear with me;

My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar,

And I must pause till it come back to me.

But yesterday the word of Caesar might

Have stood against the world; now lies he there,

And none so poor to do him reverence.

O masters! if I were disposed to stir

Your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage,

I should do Brutus wrong, and Cassius wrong,

Who, you all know, are honorable men:

I will not do them wrong; I rather choose

To wrong the dead, to wrong myself and you,

Than I will wrong such honorable men.

But here’s a parchment with the seal of Caesar;

I found it in his closet; ’t is his will:

Let but the commons hear this testament—

Which, pardon me, I do not mean to read—

And they would go and kiss dead Caesar’s wounds,

And dip their napkins in his sacred blood;

Yea, beg a hair of him for memory,

And, dying, mention it within their wills,

Bequeathing it as a rich legacy

Unto their issue.

Citizen. We’ll hear the will: read it, Mark Antony.

All. The will, the will; we will hear Caesar’s will.

Ant. Have patience, gentle friends, I must not read it;

It is not meet you know how Caesar loved you.

You are not wood, you are not stones, but men;

And, being men, hearing the will of Caesar,

It will inflame you, it will make you mad;

‘T is good you know not that you are his heirs;

For, if you should, Oh what would come of it!

Cit. Read the will; we’ll hear it, Antony;

You shall read the will, Caesar’s will.

Ant. Will you be patient? Will you stay awhile?

I have o’ershot myself to tell you of it:

I fear I wrong the honorable men

Whose daggers have stabbed Caesar. I do fear it.

Cit. They were traitors: honorable men!

All. The will! the testament!

Ant. You will compel me, then, to read the will?

Then make a ring about the corpse of Caesar,

And let me show you him that made the will.

(He comes down from the pulpit.)

If you have tears, prepare to shed them now.

You all do know this mantle: I remember

The first time ever Caesar put it on;

’T was on a summer’s evening, in his tent,

That day he overcame the Nervii;

Look! in this place, ran Cassius’ dagger through:

See what a rent the envious Casca made:

Through this, the well beloved Brutus stabbed;

And, as he plucked his cursed steel away,

Mark how the blood of Caesar followed it,

As rushing out of doors, to be resolved

If Brutus so unkindly knocked, or no;

For Brutus, as you know, was Caesar’s angel:

Judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar loved him!

This was the most unkindest cut of all;

For, when the noble Caesar saw him stab,

Ingratitude, more strong than traitors’ arms,

Quite vanquished him: then burst his mighty heart;

And, in his mantle muffling up his face,

Even at the base of Pompey’s statua,

Which all the while ran blood, great Caesar fell.

Oh, what a fall was there, my countrymen!

Then I, and you, and all of us fell down,

Whilst bloody treason flourished over us.

Oh, now you weep; and, I perceive, you feel

The dint of pity: these are gracious drops.

Kind souls, what, weep you when you but behold

Our Caesar’s vesture wounded? Look you here,

Here is himself, marred, as you see, with traitors.

1st Cit. O piteous spectacle!

2d Cit. O noble Caesar!

3d Cit. We will be revenged!

All. Revenge! About! Seek! Burn! Fire!

Kill! Slay! Let not a traitor live.

Ant. Stay, countrymen.

1st Cit. Peace there! hear the noble Antony.

2d Cit. We’ll hear him, we’ll follow him, we’ll die with him.

Ant. Good friends, sweet friends, let me not stir you up

To such a sudden flood of mutiny.

They that have done this deed are honorable:

What private griefs they have, alas, I know not,

That made them do it; they are wise and honorable,

And will, no doubt, with reasons answer you.

I come not, friends, to steal away your hearts:

I am no orator, as Brutus is;

But, as you know me all, a plain, blunt man,

That love my friend; and that they know full well

That gave me public leave to speak of him:

For I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth,

Action, nor utterance, nor the power of speech,

To stir men’s blood: I only speak right on:

I tell you that which you yourselves do know;

Show you sweet Caesar’s wounds, poor, poor, dumb mouths,

And bid them speak for me: but were I Brutus,

And Brutus Antony, there were an Antony

Would ruffle up your spirits, and put a tongue

In every wound of Caesar, that should move

The stones of Rome to rise and mutiny.

Shakespeare.—Julius Cæsar, Act III, Scene II.

【中文阅读】

安东尼 各位朋友，各位罗马人，同胞们，请你们且听我说

我是来埋葬恺撒，不是来赞美他的。

那些作恶多端的人，身后定遭人唾弃，

而他们做的善事，却往往随着尸骨一齐长埋地下了；

让恺撒也这样吧。尊贵的布鲁图

已经告诉过你们，恺撒野心勃勃；

若果真如此，确实是他一个严重过失

恺撒也为此付出了惨重代价。

在这里，我征得布鲁图和他手下的同意——

因为布鲁图是一个诚实的人，

当然他们也一样，都是诚实的人——

所以我到这儿来为恺撒的葬礼致辞。

他是我忠实的朋友，公正无私

但是布鲁图却道他野心勃勃；

而布鲁图是一个正人君子。

他曾经带许多俘虏回到罗马，

他们的赎金充实了府库；

恺撒的野心就是这样吗？

穷人哀号的时候，恺撒也为他们流泪；

一个野心家只会无动于衷。

然而，布鲁图却道他野心勃勃；

而布鲁图是一个诚实的人。

在卢柏克节的那天，你们全都看到了，

我三次向他献上一顶王冠，

他三次都拒绝了；有野心的人会这样吗？

然而，布鲁图却道他野心勃勃，

而布鲁图的确是一个诚实的人。

我并非要反驳布鲁图的说法，

我在这里所说的只是我所知道的实情。

你们过去都曾爱过他，那绝非无缘无故的爱；

那么，是什么原因阻止你们哀悼他呢？

啊，是成见啊！一旦掉进野兽的包围，

人们便丧失了辨别能力。请原谅我，

现在我的心随恺撒一起，留在他的棺木之内了，

我必须停顿片刻，待它回到我的胸膛里。

可是昨天，恺撒的一句话

还可以抵御整个世界；而现在，他就躺在那儿，

没有一个卑贱的人向他致敬。

啊，诸位！倘若我有意要使你们内心不安，

企图引起一场叛乱和愤怒，

那我就要对不起布鲁图，和凯西尤了；

诸位想必晓得，他们都是诚实的人。

我不愿干有负于他们的事；

我宁愿有负于死人，有负于我自己和你们，

却不愿有负于这些诚实的人。

不过这里有一张羊皮纸，上面盖着恺撒的大印；

是我在他的卧室里找到的；是他的遗嘱

只要让民众一听到这张遗嘱上的话——

原谅我，我现在还不想宣读遗嘱——

他们就会去吻恺撒尸体上的伤口，

用手巾去蘸他神圣的血；

还要请求留下他的一根头发作纪念，

在他们寿终正寝时，会在他们的遗嘱上指明，

作为传给他们后代的一项宝贵遗产。

公 民 我们要听遗嘱；读吧，马克•安东尼。

众公民 遗嘱，遗嘱！我们要听恺撒的遗嘱。

安东尼 耐心点，善良的朋友们；我不能读给你们听。

你们也许不晓得恺撒有多么爱你们。

你们不是木头，你们不是石块，你们是人；

只要是人，听到恺撒的遗嘱，

就会点燃你们心中的火焰，就会使你们发疯。

你们还是不要知道你们是继承人为好；

因为，要是你们知道了的话，啊，就会引起一场大乱！

公 民 读遗嘱！我们要听，安东尼；

你务必读给我们听，那是恺撒的遗嘱。

安东尼 你们能再忍耐一点吗？你们能再等一会儿吗？

我一时失口才告诉了你们这件事。

我怕对不起那些用匕首刺死恺撒的诚实的人；

我怕我对不起他们。

公 民 他们是叛徒；什么诚实的人！

众公民 遗嘱！遗嘱！

安东尼 你们一定要逼我读那份遗嘱吗？

这样的话，你们就围着恺撒的尸体站个圈儿，

我来指给你们看看写这份遗嘱的人吧。

（从讲坛上走下来）

安东尼 你们如果有眼泪，现在准备流吧。

你们都晓得这件外套；

我记得恺撒第一次穿上它，

是在一个夏天的晚上，就在他的营帐里，

就是他征服奈维人的那天。

瞧！这个地方，凯西尤的匕首就是从这地方刺透的；

你们看，狠毒的凯斯卡割开了一道多深的口子啊；

就从这里，他深爱的布鲁图刺了进去；

随着拔出他那该诅咒的武器，

你们瞧恺撒的血是怎样流出来的，

仿佛奔涌出来，要想知道

到底是不是布鲁图狠心下此毒手；

你们清楚，布鲁图可是恺撒最爱的天使啊。

神啊，请你们作证恺撒是多么爱他！

这是我见过的最冷酷无情的一击，

因为当尊贵的恺撒看到他的匕首时，

负心，这把比叛徒的武器更锋利的匕首，

他惊呆了，那时候他伟大的心就碎裂了；

他的外套蒙住了他的脸，

就在庞贝雕像座下，

他血流不止，伟大的恺撒倒下了。

啊！这是怎样的倒下啊，我的同胞们！

之后，我、你们，我们大家都一起倒下了，

而此时血腥的叛逆却在我们头上耀武扬威。

啊！现在你们流泪了，我察觉到了，

你们感到自己良心难安；这些是真诚的泪珠。

善良的人们，怎么，难道你们只看见恺撒衣服上的伤痕，

就哭起来了吗？瞧这儿，

这才是他受的伤，你们看，让叛徒们残害到什么样子了。

公民甲 啊，多叫人伤心的情景啊！

公民乙 啊，尊贵的恺撒！

公民丙 我们一定要血债血偿！

众公民 血债血偿！动手吧！抓住他们！烧！放火啊！

杀！杀死他们！叛徒一个不留。

安东尼 少安毋躁，同胞们！

公民甲 安静一下！大家听尊贵的安东尼讲话。

公民乙 我们要听他的，我们要跟随他，我们要和他死在一块儿。

安东尼 好朋友们，亲爱的朋友们，不要让我

煽动起这样一场突如其来的流血暴动。

这种事都是一些诚实的人所为；

唉！我不晓得他们之间有什么私人恩怨，

令他们做出此等事来；他们都是聪明而诚实的人，

毫无疑问，他们有理由答复你们。

朋友们，我可不是来偷走你们心的；

我不是一个像布鲁图那样的演说家；

诚如各位所知，我是一个老老实实，

爱我的朋友的人；他们也十分清楚，

这才允许我站出来为他说几句话。

因为我既没有智慧，又没有口才，也没有本领，

我也不会用行动和蛊惑人心的话语

来激起人们的血性

我只不过说出我心里话而已；

我告诉你们的都是你们确实知道的

指给你们看亲爱的恺撒的刀伤，可怜的、可怜的无言之口，

请求它们代我说出真相

但是，如果我是布鲁图，

布鲁图是安东尼的话，那么这个安东尼

一定会使你们激情澎湃，让恺撒的每一道伤口

都变成一条舌头，连罗马的顽石

也会受到感动，起身反抗。

（莎士比亚《尤利乌斯•恺撒》第三幕第二场）