LESSON 39

FALL OF CARDINAL WOLSEY

伍尔西大主教的垮台

Wolsey. Farewell! a long farewell, to all my greatness!

This is the state of man: to-day he puts forth

The tender leaves of hopes; to-morrow blossoms,

And bears his blushing honors thick upon him;

The third day comes a frost, a killing frost,

And, when he thinks, good, easy man, full surely

His greatness is a-ripening, nips his root,

And then he falls, as I do. I have ventured,

Like little, wanton boys that swim on bladders,

This many summers in a sea of glory,

But far beyond my depth: my high-blown pride

At length broke under me, and now has left me,

Weary and old with service, to the mercy

Of a rude stream, that must forever hide me.

Vain pomp and glory of this world, I hate ye:

I feel my heart new open’d. Oh, how wretched

Is that poor man that hangs on princes’ favors!

There is, betwixt that smile we would aspire to,

That sweet aspect of princes, and their ruin,

More pangs and fears than wars or women have:

And when he falls, he falls like Lucifer,

Never to hope again.

Enter CROMWELL, and stands amazed.

Why, how now, Cromwell!

Crom. I have no power to speak, sir.

Wol. What, amazed

At my misfortunes? Can thy spirit wonder,

A great man should decline? Nay, an you weep,

I am fall’n indeed.

Crom. How does your grace?

Wol. Why, well;

Never so truly happy, my good Cromwell.

I know myself now; and I fed within me

A peace above all earthly dignities,

A still and quiet conscience. The king has cured me,

I humbly thank his grace; and from these shoulders,

These ruin’d pillars, out of pity, taken

A load would sink a navy,—too much honor:

Oh, ’t is a burthen, Cromwell, ’t is a burthen,

Too heavy for a man that hopes for heaven!

Crom. I am glad your grace has made that right use of it.

Wol. I hope I have: I am able now, methinks,

Out of a fortitude of soul I feel,

To endure more miseries, and greater far,

Than my weak-hearted enemies dare offer.

What news abroad?

Crom. The heaviest, and the worst,

Is your displeasure with the king.

Wol. God bless him!

Crom. The next is, that Sir Thomas More is chosen

Lord chancellor in your place.

Wol. That’s somewhat sudden:

But he’s a learned man. May he continue

Long in his highness’ favor, and do justice

For truth’s sake and his conscience; that his bones,

When he has run his course, and sleeps in blessings,

May have a tomb of orphans’ tears wept on ’em!

What more?

Crom. That Cranmer is return’d with welcome,

Install’d lord archbishop of Canterbury.

Wol. That’s news indeed!

Crom. Last, that the Lady Anne,

Whom the king hath in secrecy long married,

This day was viewed in open as his queen,

Going to chapel; and the voice is now

Only about her coronation.

Wol. There was the weight that pull’d me down. O Cromwell,

The king has gone beyond me: all my glories

In that one woman I have lost forever:

No sun shall ever usher forth mine honors,

Or gild again the noble troops that waited

Upon my smiles. Go, get thee from me, Cromwell;

I am a poor, fall’n man, unworthy now

To be thy lord and master: seek the king;

That sun, I pray, may never set! I have told him

What and how true thou art: he will advance thee;

Some little memory of me will stir him—

I know his noble nature—not to let

Thy hopeful service perish, too: good Cromwell,

Neglect him not; make use now, and provide

For thine own future safety.

Crom. O my lord,

Must I, then, leave you? Must I needs forego

So good, so noble, and so true a master?

Bear witness, all that have not hearts of iron,

With what a sorrow Cromwell leaves his lord.

The king shall have my service; but my prayers

Forever and forever shall be yours.

Wol. Cromwell, I did not think to shed a tear

In all my miseries; but thou hast forced me,

Out of thy honest truth, to play the woman.

Let’s dry our eyes: and thus far hear me, Cromwell;

And, when I am forgotten, as I shall be,

And sleep in dull, cold marble, where no mention

Of me more must be heard of, say, I taught thee;

Say, Wolsey, that once trod the ways of glory,

And sounded all the depths and shoals of honor,

Found thee a way, out of his wreck, to rise in;

A sure and safe one, though thy master missed it.

Mark but my fall, and that that ruin’d me.

Cromwell, I charge thee, fling away ambition:

By that sin fell the angels; how can man, then,

The image of his Maker, hope to win by it?

Love thyself last: cherish those hearts that hate thee;

Corruption wins not more than honesty.

Still in thy right hand carry gentle peace,

To silence envious tongues. Be just, and fear not:

Let all the ends thou aim’st at be thy country’s,

Thy God’s, and truth’s; then, if thou fall’st, O Cromwell,

Thou fall’st, a blessed martyr! Serve the king;

And,—prithee, lead me in:

There, take an inventory of all I have,

To the last penny; ’t is the king’s: my robe,

And my integrity to Heaven, is all

I dare now call mine own. O Cromwell, Cromwell!

Had I but served my God with half the zeal

I served my king, He would not in mine age

Have left me naked to mine enemies.

Crom. Good sir, have patience.

Wol. So I have. Farewell

The hopes of court! my hopes in Heaven do dwell.

Shakespeare.—Henry VIII, Act iii, Scene ii.

【中文阅读】

伍 尔 西 再见!永别了,我全部的宏伟事业。

世间之事就是这样:一个人今天生出了
希望的嫩叶;第二天开了花,
开满了鲜艳的荣誉的花朵;
第三天霜冻出现了,那是致命的霜冻;
而这位容易轻信的好人还蛮有把握,
以为他的宏伟事业正在成熟;不料霜冻正在咬噬他的根,
接着和我一样,他就倒下了。我也冒过险,
仿佛绑着猪尿泡游泳的顽皮孩子,
多少年的夏天在光荣的大海上,
游到了我力所不及的深处 我那鼓胀的虚荣
终于爆破了,现在留给我的,
是一个疲惫衰老的身躯,
任凭狂涛摆布,把我永远埋葬那里。
这个世界的浮名虚荣,我恨你;
我觉得我的心好像刚被人割了一刀。啊,多么可怜啊!
依靠帝王的庇荫而生存的人!
在我们所企望看到的帝王的笑脸
和帝王可能加在我们身上的毁灭之间,
存在着多少苦痛和恐惧啊,远远超过战争和妇人所导致的后果。
他一旦失败,就像撒旦一样,
万劫不复。

克伦威尔,惊愕地站在那里。

伍 尔 西 怎么了,克伦威尔?

克伦威尔 先生,我简直没有说话的力气了。

伍 尔 西 怎么,被我的不幸吓呆了吗?你这样才智出众的人,

见到伟大人物衰落至此也竟感到吃惊吗?不,你要是哭的话,
那我可就完了。

克伦威尔 大人觉得如何?

伍 尔 西 很好,从来没有像现在这样好过,我的好克伦威尔。

我现在真正了解自己了,
内心的宁静超越了人间所有的尊荣,
一种宁静安详的感觉。国王把我医治好了,
我衷心地感谢他;他出于怜悯之心,从我这两个肩头,
这两根坍塌了的柱石上,把一副重担卸下,
我承受的荣誉太重了,会压沉一支舰队。
那真是负担哪,克伦威尔,真是负担啊,
对于一个向往天堂的人来说,是太沉重了。

克伦威尔 我很高兴大人你能如此正确地对待这种负担。

伍 尔 西 我希望我能做到;

我觉得,由于灵魂坚强了,
我现在似乎也能够忍受比我那些怯懦的敌人,
敢于加在我身上的苦难更多更大的苦难。
外边有什么消息吗?

克伦威尔 最痛心的、最坏的消息

就是您失去国王恩宠的事情。

伍 尔 西 愿上帝保佑他吧!

克伦威尔 其次,托马斯•摩尔爵士已被遴选为首相,

取代您的位置。

伍 尔 西 这倒有些突然啊,

不过他是个有学问的人,但愿他能
长久蒙陛下的恩宠,
秉持真理和他的良心主持正义;
唯愿他在走完自己的途程、在祝福中长眠之后,
他的尸骨能够埋到坟墓里,孤儿在上面涕泪长流。
还有什么?

克伦威尔 克兰默回国了,受到盛大欢迎,

受封为坎特伯雷大主教。

伍 尔 西 这倒真是怪事啊。

克伦威尔 最后,早已和国王秘密结了婚的安妮夫人,

今天在教堂做礼拜的时候,以王后的身份公开出面了,
现在大家谈论的是她何时加冕这件事。

伍 尔 西 那就是把我拖倒尘埃的麻烦啊。噢,克伦威尔,

国王跑在我的前边了。我所有的荣誉
就因为这个女人都搭进去了,永远拿不回来了。
太阳永远也迎接不到我的荣誉了,
再也不会给那一大群等待我向他们微笑的贵族们镀上一层金了。
去吧,克伦威尔,你也离开我吧;
我现在是个可怜的、失败的人,再也不配
做你的主人了,去找国王吧;
他是太阳,我祝太阳永不落;我已经跟他说过,
你的为人,你如何忠实,他会提拔你的。
只要他能够想起我一点影子来——
我清楚他天性高贵,不会让——
你的希望和效忠的愿望也落空的;好克伦威尔,
切不可忽略他;要把握现在的时机,
为你自己未来的安全做好准备。

克伦威尔 我的大人,我必须走吗?难道我非得

弃您这么一位善良、高贵和真实的主人而去吗?
一切不是铁石心肠的人,请你们作证,
我克伦威尔离开我的主人,心里有多难过。
我一定去效忠国王;但是我会永远为您祈祷。

伍 尔 西 克伦威尔,但我本没打算流一滴眼泪,

尽管我苦难深重,但是你这番言辞切切的表白
却迫使我扮演起女人的角色了。
我们擦干眼泪吧,再听我说几句,克伦威尔;
等我被人遗忘时,
等我安眠在没有感觉、冷冰冰的大理石棺材里,
再也听不见人们提到我的时候,你可以对人说我曾开导你,
就说伍尔西经踩在光荣之路上,
探查过荣誉的全部深渊和浅滩,
从他的残骸里为你找到了一条通往上层的道路,
一条稳妥安全的道路,尽管你的主人错过了这条道路。
你只管留意我是如何垮台的,是什么导致我毁灭的。
克伦威尔,你一定要听我的,抛开野心;
天使们就是野心太大而堕落的,而人
不过是他的创造主的影像,怎能寄望通过野心而获得胜利?
爱自己到最后才最善,珍爱那些憎恨你的人吧,
比起腐败来诚实会为你赢得更多。
在你的右手里永远举着温顺的和平枝,
杜绝嫉妒之舌。做人要公正,不要畏惧;
你所要达到的一切目的都是为你的国家、
这也是上帝和真理所要达到的目的,此后倘若你还是失败了的话,克伦威尔,你也将是受到祝福的殉难者。去为国王效劳吧。
还有,请你领我进去
把我所有的一切直到最后一个便士都列一份清单,
这些都是国王的。
我敢说我自己的财产只剩下这件袍子和我对上帝的一片诚心了。
啊,克伦威尔,克伦威尔!
如果我把为国王效劳的热诚,用一半来侍奉我的上帝,
他也不会在我垂暮之年把我赤条条地留给我的敌人了。

克伦威尔 好大人,忍耐些吧。

伍 尔 西 我除了忍耐还能怎样。别了

在宫廷中晋身的希望,我的希望在天国里。

(莎士比亚《亨利八世》第三幕第二场)