我的书签
添加书签
移除书签THE NOSE AND THE EYES
鼻子和眼睛
William Cowper (b. 1731, d. 1800) was the son of an English clergyman, and was born in Great Berkhamstead, Hertfordshire, England. He was sent to Westminster School when he was ten years of age, and he remained there, a diligent student, eight years. He then studied law, and was admitted to the bar, but he never practiced his profession. He was appointed to a clerkship in the House of Lords when he was about thirty years old, but he never entered upon the discharge of his duties. He became insane, and was sent to a private asylum. After his recovery, he found a home in the family of the Rev. Mr. Unwin. On the death of this gentleman, he resided with the widow till her death—most of the time at Olney. His first writing’s were published in 1782. “The Task,” some hymns, a number of minor poems, and his translations or Homer, composed his published works. His insanity returned at times, and darkened a pure and gentle life at its close.
1. Between Nose and Eyes a strange contest arose;
The spectacles set them, unhappily, wrong;
The point in dispute was, as all the world knows,
To which the said spectacles ought to belong.
2. So Tongue was the lawyer, and argued[59] the cause,
With a great deal of skill and a wig full of learning,
While chief baron Ear sat to balance the laws,
So famed for his talent in nicely discerning.[60]
3. “In behalf[61] of the Nose, it will quickly appear,
And your lordship,” he said, “will undoubtedly find,
That the Nose has the spectacles always to wear,
Which amounts to possession, time out of mind.”
4. Then, holding the spectacles up to the court,
“Your lordship observes, they are made with a straddle
As wide as the ridge of the Nose is; in short,
Designed to sit close to it, just like a saddle.
5. “Again, would your lordship a moment suppose
(’T is a case that has happened, and may happen again)
That the visage or countenance had not a Nose,
Pray, who would or who could wear spectacles then?
6. “On the whole it appears, and my argument shows,
With a reasoning the court will never condemn,
That the spectacles plainly were made for the Nose,
And the Nose was as plainly intended for them.”
7. Then shifting his side (as a lawyer knows how),
He pleaded again in behalf of the Eyes:
But what were his arguments, few people know,
For the court did not think them equally wise.
8. So his lordship decreed[62], with a grave, solemn tone,
Decisive and clear, without one if or but,
That whenever the Nose put his spectacles on,
By daylight or candlelight,—Eyes should be shut.
【中文阅读】
威廉 · 考普尔（1731～1800）出生于英国赫特福德郡大伯克汉姆斯戴德，父亲是位牧师。考普尔十岁时被送入威斯敏斯特学习，他在校8年学习刻苦，后攻读法律，并获许进入律师界，但未曾经手任何诉讼。大约30岁时，他被任命为上议院文书职员，但亦未曾履行任何工作职责。他精神错乱后，被送往一家私立救济院。后来身体复原后，他开始栖身于恩文牧师家。恩文牧师去世后，他和其遗孀大多时间住在奥尔良，直到她去世。1782年，考普尔首部作品《任务》出版，该书包括一些赞美诗、部分短小诗歌以及他的荷马诗歌译文。晚年的考普尔时常为精神失常困扰，给他单纯温柔生活蒙上了忧悒阴影。
1．鼻子眼睛之间，引发奇怪争论；
眼镜挤在中间，浑身都不如意，
查究辩论焦点，看来世人皆知；
眼镜这块地盘，隶属何方领地？
2．舌头变成律师，辩析争论原因，
口舌如簧技巧，满腹经纶学问，
大亨巨头耳朵，坐镇权衡判决，
感叹非凡天资，洞察入微能力。
3．“代表鼻子利益，我会很快出现，
你的贵族身份，当然毋庸置疑，
鼻子佩戴眼镜，理应你是主人，
类似从属占有，想必追溯久远。”
4．然后携带眼镜，直奔耳朵法庭，
“阁下身份待查，镜腿两脚分离，
鼻子宽如山梁，简而言之设计，
坐落山脊两边，类似一道马鞍。”
5．“你的贵族身份，但愿再度认定，
已发生的实例，可能还会再现，
容貌或是面孔，若无鼻子央求，
那么究竟有谁，能够佩戴眼镜？”
6． “总之问题出现，我的论证表明，
如此这样推论，法庭不会判定，
眼镜明明白白，为了鼻子而造，
鼻子相当清楚，皆为眼镜所用。”
7．转身调换立场，律师谙知奥秘，
呼吁支持眼睛，陈情它的原委，
至于有力证据，几乎无人获悉，
法庭并不认为，陈述同等明智。
8．庄重严肃口吻，法官颁布结局，
答案明确清楚，并无条件原因，
无论何时何地，鼻子佩戴眼镜，
白天抑或黑夜，眼睛应该关闭。
LESSON 56
AN ICEBERG
冰 山
Louis Legrand Noble (b. 1813, d. 1882) was horn in Otsetgo County, New York. When twelve years of age, he removed with his family to the wilds of Michigan, but after the death of his father he returned to New York to study for the ministry, which he entered in 1840. About this time he published his first productions, two Indian romances in the form of poems, entitled “Pewatem” and “Nimahmin.” Mr. Noble lived for a time in North Carolina, and later at Catskill on the Hudson, where he became a warm friend of the artist Cole. After the latter’s death he wrote a memorial of him. Other works of this author are “The Hours, and other Poems,” and “After Icebergs with a Painter,” from which this selection is taken.
We have just passed a fragment of some one of the surrounding icebergs that had amused us. It bore the resemblance of a huge polar bear, reposing upon the base of an inverted cone[63], with a twist of a seashell, and whirling slowly round and round. The ever-attending green water, with its aerial clearness, enabled us to see its spiral folds and horns as they hung suspended in the deep.
The bear, a ten-foot mass in tolerable proportion, seemed to be regularly beset by a pack of hungry little swells[64]. First, one would take him on the haunch, then whip back into the sea over his tail and between his legs. Presently a bolder swell would rise and pitch into his back with a ferocity that threatened instant destruction. It only washed his satin fleece the whiter.
While Bruin was turning to look the daring assailant in the face, the rogue had pitched himself back into his cave. No sooner that, than a very bulldog of a billow would attack him in the face. The serenity[65] with which the impertinent assault was borne was complete. It was but a puff of silvery dust, powdering his mane with fresher brightness. Nothing would be left of bull but a little froth of all the foam displayed in the fierce onset. He too would turn and scud into his hiding place.
Persistent little waves! After a dash, singly, all around, upon the common enemy, as if by some silent agreement underwater, they would all rush on at once, with their loudest roar and shaggiest foam, and overwhelm poor bear so completely that nothing less might be expected than to behold him broken in four quarters, and floating helplessly asunder. Mistaken spectators! Although, by his momentary rolling and plunging, he was evidently aroused, yet neither Bruin nor his burrow was at all the worse for all the wear and washing.
The deep fluting, the wrinkled folds, and cavities, over and through which the green and silvery water rushed back into the sea, rivaled the most exquisite[66] sculpture[67]. And nature not only gives her marbles, with the finest lines, the most perfect lights and shades, she colors them also. She is no monochromist[68], but polychroic[69], imparting such touches of dove tints, emerald, and azure as she bestows upon her gems and skies.
We are bearing up under the big berg as closely as we dare. To our delight, what we have been wishing and watching for is actually taking place: loud explosions, with heavy falls of ice, followed by the cataract-like roar, and the high, thin seas, wheeling away beautifully crested with sparkling foam. If it is possible, imagine the effect upon the beholder: this precipice of ice, with tremendous cracking, is falling toward us with a majestic and awful motion.
Down sinks the long water line into the black deep; down go the porcelain crags and galleries of glassy sculpture—a speechless and awful baptism. Now it pauses, and returns: up rise sculptures and crags streaming with the shining white brine; up comes the great encircling line, followed by things new and strange—crags, niches, balconies, and caves; up, up, it rises, higher and higher still, crossing the very breast of the grand ice, and all bathed with rivulets of gleaming foam. Over goes the summit, ridge, pinnacles[70], and all, standing off obliquely[71] in the opposite air. Now it pauses in its upward roll: back it comes again, cracking, cracking, cracking, “groaning out harsh thunder” as it comes, and threatening to burst, like a mighty bomb, into millions of glittering fragments. The spectacle is terrific and magnificent. Emotion is irrepressible[72], and peals of wild hurrah burst forth from all.
【中文阅读】
路易斯 · 罗格朗 · 罗伯（1813～1882）生于美国纽约州奥齐戈县，12岁时，随家迁居到密歇根州偏远地区，然而，父亲去世后，他又返回纽约学习，准备进入宗教界。1840年，罗伯先生成为神职人员，同年出版了首部诗作，描述两位印第安人的恋情，题名为《珀瓦蒂姆》和《尼玛敏》。罗伯一度在北卡罗莱纳居住，后来搬到哈德森卡兹奇，在那里，他与艺术家科尔成为挚友，好友去世后，他写了科尔回忆录。罗伯先生其他著作包括《时间及其他诗歌》、《冰山后的画家》，以下段落选自最后一篇。
1．周围新奇无比的冰山群让人目不暇接，我们刚路过一处由冰山一角坍塌崩裂生成的冰原断层。那块冰山像只巨大的极地熊，趴在倒立的圆锥体底部，贝壳般不停地扭动躯体缓慢旋转；不断涌出的绿色海水映照空中的晶莹剔透，螺旋褶皱的冰块棱角分明，悬浮于深海当中，清晰可触。
2．那头极地熊状的冰山，高约十英尺的庞然大物，似乎在饥不可耐的一轮轮海浪嗜咬扑打中，早已习惯安然。一个浪扑卷它的腰臀，急遽反弹回去，急扫过它的尾部与双腿。转眼间，一道更为肆虐的大浪高高扬起，凶猛地扑打冰山后背，岌岌可危的崩塌就在眼前，极地熊宛如白色缎子般皮毛愈加亮丽。
3．正当布来恩转身目睹这惊心动魄的一幕，一只孤兽急急地钻进它的洞穴。说时迟，那时快，一头彪悍的牛头犬翻滚着向他迎面扑来，一道声响打破了极地的宁静安谧，刹那间，只见一条白色尘埃铺散冲来，牛头犬的蓬松鬃毛银光闪亮，搅起漫天飞泻流动的呼啸雪沫，预示一场凶猛的攻击转瞬即至，布来恩转身拔腿飞奔，躲进了藏身地。
4．固执坚韧的碎小浪花！似乎由于海水深处秘不可宣的约定，波浪从四面八方涌来，不约而同地猛烈撞击着冰山——它们共同的敌人，然后周而复始呼啸着卷土再来；浪花宣泄，发出震耳欲聋的吼声，水沫翻腾拍击震天。可怜的极地熊备受打击，徒劳无望地看着它的肢体分解为数段，无数冰块碎片随意漂浮海面，令观望者头昏目眩！由于旋风般滚动冲撞，北极熊显然已被击醒，看着海浪冲刷凶猛反复撞击，布来恩和他的藏身地看来还不算太糟。
5．绿色晶亮的海水旋风般冲回大海，裹起高低起伏的瓦楞般涌浪，皱褶交叠的湍流翻飞，漩涡急遽堆成千形百状，实在可与世间最为精湛的雕刻竟相媲美。大理石缎面的海水线条奇异，光怪陆离的色泽或晦或明，变幻多端的繁杂花式恍如鬼斧神工。大自然绝不是单色调画家，不过将她手中璀璨宝石撒向天空，随意勾抹轻挑，于是，繁复缤纷的浅灰、翡翠、湛蓝随即幻化成漫天遮地的七彩霓虹。
6．近点、再近点，我们尽可能大胆地靠近那座高耸的冰山，感到欣喜的是，终于看到一幕长久期待并可近距离观察的自然奇观：气势磅礴的爆炸，庞大冰块崩裂后从高空倾泻，类似大瀑布飞涌直落而下，激起震天回响；海水飞旋地直冲冰山冠顶，迸射出火花闪烁的水沫飘洒。不妨想想旁观者的内心震撼，那悬崖峭壁的冰山上端，訇然巨响纷纷炸裂，在我们眼前上演着气势恢弘的一幕冰川雪崩，令人惊悚不已。
7．长长水流落进黑黝黝的海水，瓷玉般峭壁和琉璃冰雕不住地直泻而下，那是大自然恐怖无言的隆重洗礼。顷刻间崩塌停止，继而又周转复始，伴随炫目泛光的粼粼海水；庞大无比的冰川轮廓再度隆起，随即喷涌而出新一轮精灵古怪的冰雕峭壁，有佛龛，有露台，有洞穴，向上，向上，不停地向上，愈升愈高，在壮阔无比的冰川上纵横交错，通体沐浴在美仑美奂的滚动晶莹中。山峰过了，山脊过了，山巅亦过了，所有山体在扑面而来的风中歪扭着渐移渐远。此刻冰川又一次停止凌空翻卷，旋即又崩裂、乍裂、再崩裂，轰鸣的叹息裹杂刺耳雷吼，经久不停，错落不息，宛如威力无比的炮弹砰然引爆，撒下数以百万计金光摇曳的碎片。那一幕幕勾魂动魄的恐惧，演绎出辽阔壮观的自然奇迹。我们无法抑制情感，迸发出一声声呼天长啸，在极地的辽阔长空久久回旋。
LESSON 57
ABOUT QUAIL
鹌 鹑
William Post Hawes (b. 1803, d.1842) was born in New York City. and was a graduate of Columbia College. He was a lawyer by profession. His writings consist mainly of essays, contributed to various newspapers and magazines, and show great descriptive power. He was a frequent contributor to the “Spirit of the Times,” under the title of “Cypress, Jr.,” on various sporting topics. After his death a collection of his writings was published in two volumes, entitled, “Sporting Scenes” and “Sundry Sketches.”
The quail is peculiarly a domestic bird, and is attached to his birthplace and the home of his forefathers. The various members of the aquatic[73] families educate their children in the cool summer of the far north, and bathe their warm bosoms in July in the iced waters of Hudson Bay; but when Boreas[74] scatters the rushes where they had builded their bedchambers, they desert their fatherland, and fly to disport in the sunny waters of the south.
The songsters of the woodland, when their customary crops of insects and berries are cut off in the fall, gather themselves to renew their loves and get married in more genial climes. Presently, the groves so vocal[75], and the sky so full, shall be silent and barren. The “melancholy days” will soon be here; only thou, dear Bob White, wilt remain.
The quail is the bird for me. He is no rover, no emigrant. He stays at home, and is identified[76] with the soil. Where the farmer works, he lives, and loves, and whistles. In budding springtime, and in scorching summer—in bounteous autumn, and in barren winter, his voice is heard from the same bushy hedge fence, and from his customary cedars. Cupidity[77] and cruelty may drive him to the woods, and to seek more quiet seats; but be merciful and kind to him, and he will visit your barnyard, and sing for you upon the boughs of the apple tree by your gateway.
When warm May first wooes the young flowers to open and receive her breath, then begin the cares and responsibilities of wedded life. Away fly the happy pair to seek some grassy tussock[78], where, safe from the eye of the hawk and the nose of the fox, they may rear their expectant brood in peace.
Oats harvest arrives, and the fields are waving with yellow grain. Now be wary, O kind-hearted cradler[79], and tread not into those pure white eggs ready to burst with life! Soon there is a peeping sound heard, and lo! a proud mother walketh magnificently in the midst of her children, scratching and picking, and teaching them how to swallow. Happy she, if she may be permitted to bring them up to maturity, and uncompelled to renew her joys in another nest.
The assiduities of a mother have a beauty and a sacredness about them that command respect and reverence in all animal nature, human or inhuman—what a lie does that word carry—except, perhaps, in monsters, insects, and fish. I never yet heard of the parental tenderness of a trout, eating up his little baby, nor of the filial gratitude of a spider, nipping the life out of his gray-headed father, and usurping[80] his web.
But if you would see the purest, the sincerest, the most affecting[81] piety of a parent’s love, startle a young family of quails, and watch the conduct of the mother. She will not leave you. No, not she. But she will fall at your feet, uttering a noise which none but a distressed mother can make, and she will run, and flutter, and seem to try to be caught, and cheat your outstretched hand, and affect to be wing-broken and wounded, and yet have just strength to tumble along, until she has drawn you, fatigued, a safe distance from her threatened children and the young hopes of her heart; and then will she mount, whirring with glad strength, and away through the maze of trees you have not seen before, like a close-shot bullet, fly to her skulking infants,
Listen now. Do you hear those three half-plaintive notes, quickly and clearly poured out? She is calling the boys and girls together. She sings not now “Bob White!” nor “Ah! Bob White!” That is her husband’s love call, or his trumpet blast of defiance. But she calls sweetly and softly for her lost children. Hear them “Peep! peep! peep!” at the welcome voice of their mother’s love! They are coming together. Soon the whole family will meet again.
It is a foul sin to disturb them; but retread your devious[82] way, and let her hear your coming footsteps, breaking down the briers, as you renew the danger. She is quiet. Not a word is passed between the fearful fugitives. Now, if you have the heart to do it, lie low, keep still, and imitate the call of the hen quail. O mother! mother! how your heart would die if you could witness the deception! The little ones raise up their trembling heads, and catch comfort and imagined safety from the sound. “Peep! peep!” They come to you, straining their little eyes, and, clustering together and answering, seem to say, “Where is she? Mother! mother! we are here!”
【中文阅读】
威廉 · 波斯特 · 霍伊斯（1803～1842）出生于美国纽约市，毕业于哥伦比亚大学，职业为专业律师，其主要作品包括为各类报纸杂志撰写的短文。霍伊斯极具描述才华，常以“小柏树”为笔名，给《时代精神》提供各类体育题材稿件。他的作品在他逝世后编撰为两集出版，题名为《运动现场》和《杂碎拼图》。
1.鹌鹑为一种典型的家常鸟类，依恋滞留繁衍地或长久栖息地。这种禽类大多栖水而生，在遥远北方的凉爽夏季孵化幼仔，然后飞去哈德逊湾冰水里消退七月炎热。一旦朔风卷起枯枝败叶，当初鹌鹑以此垒巢建窝，然后，它们就会离开父辈领地，飞去温暖南方的水湄地带过冬。
2．秋天，以昆虫和莓子为生的鹌鹑，一旦田间农作物被砍倒后，这些丛林歌手们便会麇集成群，重新开始新的爱恋，在更为温和的气候里求偶交配。很快，果园树林里鸟声鸣啾不断，天空清澈空旷。忧郁哀愁的日子不久将要降临，唯有你，亲爱的鲍勃·怀特仍会盘桓不去。
3．鹌鹑是我的鸟。它并非流浪汉，亦不是迁徙者。它习惯待在熟悉的地方，它离不开土地。农夫们下地干活，它在田间地头栖息、爱恋、玩耍。季节流转，无论在含苞欲放的春天，骄阳似火的夏季，还是丰收喜悦的秋天，万木肃杀的寒冬；无论在浓密灌丛上空，或树篱栅栏周围，或常见的香柏树枝头，鹌鹑鸣啾声声不绝于耳，贪婪残忍的人们或许将它们驱赶到森林荒野，它们只能寻求更为僻静的地方，如果人们仁慈友好地对待它们，鹌鹑将飞抵农家谷仓，在农家院门口的苹果树枝干上尽情鸣唱。
4．五月明媚的阳光，鹌鹑首先祈求花蕾怒放，它们才能接受花朵的温馨抚爱，然后开始履行婚姻生活的责任。年轻鹌鹑双宿双飞到处寻找茂密的草丛，在那里它们才能逃避猛鸷的利爪袭击，才能躲过嗅觉灵敏的狐狸，安心舒适地孵化自己的宝贝。
- 燕麦收获的季节到了，田野里落满金黄的谷粒。鹌鹑觉得还是要谨慎为妙。噢，善良的摇篮母亲，绝不会踩踏纯净洁白的蛋，那些即将叽喳欲出的生命！很快，“唧唧”声愈发清晰，瞧！肩负生命重大意义的骄傲母亲，在孩子们中间踱步，不时地为它们抓挠啄理，教它们如何吞咽。如果她能将幼雏培养长大，无需被迫重新垒窝筑巢，即可再度开始母亲的快乐，那么，她该有多么幸福自在！
6．母亲勤勉意味对子女爱恋与神圣职责，这一信仰支撑她尊重敬畏所有动物的天性，人类或非人类皆然。或许，除了怪兽、昆虫或鱼类并不具备。我未曾听说有似水柔情的鳟鱼父母，它们能吃光自己的宝贝；亦未曾听说有孝顺感恩的蜘蛛，那些能咬死垂老的父母，从而占据它们的窝。那么，天性，这个词究竟显示什么？
7．但是，如果你觉察到父母对子女纯粹真挚及感人至深的眷爱，势必惊讶于鹌鹑的幼小家庭，不妨看看鹌鹑母亲的所作所为吧。她不会丢下子女逃之夭夭，决不！她会假装落到人们脚边，发出母亲的唯一痛苦声音。她同时奔跑，一边拍动双翼，似乎即将被人捉住。她会欺骗你张开手掌，假装它的翅膀断了或受伤，甚至费劲地一路翻滚，直到把你折磨得筋疲力尽，将你从她受到生命威胁的孩子处成功引开，这才是她的希望所在。然后，她最终就呼啦啦快乐地飞走，飞进那些你不曾知晓的树林深处，飞去她潜藏孩子的地方，像近距离射出的子弹，倏尔不知所终。
8．听！你听见那三声近乎悲痛哀伤、急速清晰的倾诉心声吗？她在呼唤她的儿女聚拢一起。此刻，她不是鸣啾“鲍勃 · 怀特”，亦不是“啊！鲍勃 · 怀特”，那是她配偶的爱称，或是他挑衅反抗的恶言相向。她会甜蜜轻柔地呼唤她走失的孩子们，它们则“唧唧！唧唧！唧唧！”地叫个不停，回应母亲的爱恋欢腾。全家聚在一起，终于，它们重新团圆了。
9．倘若有人怀着狡猾奸诈之心、踏上邪恶之路去惊扰那些鹌鹑，鹌鹑母亲能听到人们走近的危险脚步，听到人们踩倒周围荆棘的声音，她只是一声不吭。在充满恐惧的逃亡者中间，不存在任何语言交流。假若有人有心，不妨蹲下，保持沉默，模仿母鹌鹑的叫声。噢，妈妈！妈妈！一旦目睹自己的无耻欺诈，你的心会死吗？那些小鹌鹑们会抬起它们惊颤的头寻求安抚，寻求来自呼唤声中的想象安全。“唧唧！唧唧”，它们会靠近你，晃动它们尚未完全睁开的眼睛，簇拥成团地叫着，似乎在说，“你在哪里？妈妈！妈妈！我们在这里！”
LESSON 58
THE BLUE AND THE GRAY
蓝与灰
1. By the flow of the inland river,
Whence the fleets of iron have fled,
Where the blades of the grave grass quiver,
Asleep are the ranks of the dead;—
Under the sod and the dew,
Waiting the judgment day;
Under the one, the Blue;
Under the other, the Gray.
2. These, in the robings of glory,
Those, in the gloom of defeat,
All, with the battle blood gory,
In the dusk of eternity meet;—
Under the sod and the dew,
Waiting the judgment day;
Under the laurel, the Blue;
Under the willow, the Gray.
3. From the silence of sorrowful hours,
The desolate mourners go,
Lovingly laden with flowers,
Alike for the friend and the foe;—
Under the sod and the dew,
Waiting the judgment day;
Under the roses, the Blue;
Under the lilies, the Gray.
4. So, with an equal splendor,
The morning sun rays fall,
With a touch, impartially tender,
On the blossoms blooming for all;—
Under the sod and the dew,
Waiting the judgment day;
Broidered with gold, the Blue;
Mellowed with gold, the Gray.
5. So, when the summer calleth,
On forest and field of grain,
With an equal murmur falleth
The cooling drip of the rain;—
Under the sod and the dew,
Waiting the judgment day;
Wet with the rain, the Blue;
Wet with the rain, the Gray.
6. Sadly, but not with upbraiding,
The generous deed was done:
In the storm of the years that are fading,
No braver battle was won;—
Under the sod and the dew,
Waiting the judgment day;
Under the blossoms, the Blue;
Under the garlands, the Gray.
7. No more shall the war cry sever,
Or the winding rivers be red;
They banish our anger forever,
When they laurel the graves of our dead;—
Under the sod and the dew,
Waiting the judgment day;
Love and tears, for the Blue;
Tears and love, for the Gray.
(F. M. Finch)
【中文阅读】
1．内河的水，不停地流淌，
那钢铁舰队，逃往哪里？
何处墓地，青草叶片颤动？
死者，早已安然熟睡。
草地下，露珠下，
等待着，最后审判日，
一个下面，是蓝色，
另一个下面，是灰色。
2．有的人，穿着荣耀的长袍，
有的人，躲进失败的晦暗，
所有人，沾满战争的血污，
徜徉在，永恒满足的薄暮。
草地下，露水下，
等待着，最后审判日，
桂冠下面，归于蓝色，
柳树下面，归于灰色。
3．悲恸时光，陷入无边沉默，
哀悼者，走向落日孤愁，
捧上一把，浓浓爱意鲜花，
悼念朋友，亦奠祭敌人。
草地下，露水下，
等待着，最后审判日，
玫瑰下面，归于蓝色，
百合下面，归于灰色。
4． 清晨阳光，流泻出壮丽，
光彩夺目般，犹如夕阳，
温情触摸，超越狭隘目光，
烟水繁华，千花万朵开放。
草地下，露水下，
等待着，最后审判日，
以金子刺绣的，归于蓝色，
以金子成熟的，归于灰色。
5．夏季的呼唤，滚过森林，
还有，长满谷物的稻田，
风中摇曳，相同的喃喃细语，
雨水滴落，冰冷的眷爱缠绵。
草地下，露水下，
等待着，最后审判日，
雨水打湿的，归于蓝色，
雨水打湿的，归于灰色。
6．悲伤，似乎无需谴责，
慷慨赴死，生命已经落幕；
凋零岁月，暴风骤雨裹挟，
战场上，绝没有最后赢家。
草地下，露水下，
等待着，最后审判日，
花朵盛开的，归于蓝色，
花环簇绕的，归于灰色。
7．举国同悲，蜿蜒河水变红，
这有什么，能超过战争摧残？
他们授予，死者以荣耀桂冠，
其实泯灭，我们心中仇恨永远。
草地下，露水下，
等待着，最后审判日，
爱，还有眼泪，归于蓝色，
眼泪，还有爱，归于灰色。
（F. M.芬奇）
LESSON 59
THE MACHINIST’S RETURN
回家之路
[Adapted from a letter written by a correspondent of the Washington “Capital.”]
On our way from Springfield to Boston, a stout, black-whiskered man sat immediately in front of me, in the drawing-room car, whose maneuvers[83] were a source of constant amusement. He would get up every five minutes, hurry away to the narrow passage leading to the door of the car, and commence laughing in the most violent manner, continuing that healthful exercise until he observed that some one was watching him, when he would return to his seat.
As we neared Boston these demonstrations[84] increased in frequency and violence, but the stranger kept his seat and chuckled to himself. He shifted the position of his two portmanteaus[85], or placed them on the seat as if he was getting ready to leave. As we were at least twenty-five miles from Boston, such early preparations seemed extremely ridiculous. He became so excited at last that he could not keep his secret. Some one must be made a confidant[86]; and as I happened to be the nearest to him, he selected me.
Turning around suddenly, and rocking himself to and fro in his chair, he said, “I have been away from home three years. Have been in Europe. My folks don’t expect me for three months yet, but I got through and started. I telegraphed them at the last station —they’ve got the dispatch[87] by this time.” As he said this he rubbed his hands, and changed the portmanteau on his left to the right, and then the one on the right to the left.
“Have you a wife?” said I. “Yes, and three children,” was the answer. He then got up and folded his overcoat anew, and hung it over the back of the seat. “You are somewhat nervous just now, are you not?” said I.
“Well, I should think so,” he replied. “I have n’t slept soundly for a week. Do you know,” he went on, speaking in a low tone, “I am almost certain this train will run off the track and break my neck before I get to Boston. I have had too much good luck lately for one man. It can’t last. It rains so hard, sometimes, that you think it’s never going to stop; then it shines so bright you think it’s always going to shine; and just as you are settled in either belief, you are knocked over by a change, to show you that you know nothing about it.”
“Well, according to your philosophy[88],” I said, “you will continue to have sunshine because you are expecting a storm.” “Perhaps so,” he replied; “but it is curious that the only thing which makes me think I shall get through safe is, I fear that I shall not.”
“I am a machinist[89],” he continued; “I made a discovery; nobody believed in it; I spent all my money in trying to bring it out; I mortgaged[90] my home—everything went. Everybody laughed at me—everybody but my wife. She said she would work her fingers off before I should give it up. I went to England. At first I met with no encouragement whatever, and came very near jumping off London Bridge. I went into a workshop to earn money enough to come home with: there I met the man I wanted. To make a long story short, I’ve brought home ￡50,000 with me, and here I am.”
“Good!” I exclaimed. “Yes,” said he, “and the best of it is, she knows nothing about it. She has been disappointed so often that I concluded I would not write to her about my unexpected good luck. When I got my money, though, I started for home at once.”
“And now, I suppose, you will make her happy?” “Happy!” he replied; “why, you don’t know anything about it! She’s worked night and day since I have been in England, trying to support herself and the children decently. They paid her thirteen cents apiece for making shirts, and that’s the way she has lived half the time. She’ll come down to the depot to meet me in a gingham[91] dress and a shawl a hundred years old, and she’ll think she’s dressed up! Perhaps she won’t have any fine dresses in a week or so, eh?”
The stranger then strode down the passageway again, and getting in a corner where he seemed to suppose that he was out of sight, went through the strangest pantomime[92],—laughing,putting his mouth into the drollest shapes, and swinging himself back and forth in the limited space.
As the train was going into the depot, I placed myself on the platform of the car in front of the one in which I had been riding, and opposite the stranger, who, with a portmanteau in each hand, was standing on the lowest step, ready to jump to the ground. I looked from his face to the faces of the people before us, but saw no sign of recognition. Suddenly he cried, “There they are!”
Then he laughed outright, but in a hysterical[93] way, as he looked over the crowd in front of him. I followed his eye and saw, some distance back, as if crowded out by the well-dressed and elbowing throng, a little woman in a faded dress and a well-worn hat, with a face almost painful in its intense but hopeful expression, glancing rapidly from window to window as the coaches passed by.
She had not seen the stranger, but a moment after she caught his eye. In another instant he had jumped to the platform with his two portmanteaus, and, pushing his way through the crowd, he rushed towards the place where she was standing. I think I never saw a face assume so many different expressions in so short a time as did that of the little woman while her husband was on his way to meet her.
She was not pretty,—on the contrary, she was very plain-looking; but somehow I felt a big lump rise in my throat as I watched her. She was trying to laugh, but, God bless her, how completely she failed in the attempt! Her mouth got into the position to laugh, but it never moved after that, save to draw down at the corners and quiver, while her eyes blinked so fast that I suspect she only caught occasional glimpses of the broad-shouldered fellow who elbowed his way so rapidly toward her.
As he drew close, and dropped the portmanteaus, she turned to one side, and covered her face with her hands; and thus she was when the strong man gathered her up in his arms as if she were a child, and held her sobbing to his breast.
There were enough staring at them, heaven knows; so I turned my eyes away a moment, and then I saw two boys in threadbare roundabouts standing near, wiping their eyes on their sleeves, and bursting into tears anew at every fresh demonstration on the part of their mother. When I looked at the stranger again he had his hat drawn over his eyes; but his wife was looking up at him, and it seemed as if the pent-up tears of those weary months of waiting were streaming through her eyelids.
【中文阅读】
1．我们坐在一辆从斯普林菲尔德开往波士顿火车的卧铺车厢里，一位壮硕结实、长有黑色胡须的男子恰好坐在我前面，他的搞笑动作成为车厢笑料不断的来源。他总会每隔五分钟站起，匆忙离开座位，跑向通向车厢门边的过道，然后，肆无忌惮地开怀大笑，直到觉察有人关注他，才会结束这种健康练习，返回他的座位。
2．当火车接近波士顿，男人表演的频率增加，甚至举止更为疯狂；一旦坐下，那男人兀自咯咯地笑着，不停挪动自己两只旅行箱的位置，或干脆将其放在座位上，似乎马上他就会离开。当时，我们离波士顿最少还有二十五英里，如此早就做下车准备，看来太滑稽好笑。最后他愈加激动，好像非得找人聊天一吐为快。我碰巧坐得离他最近，亦就理所当然地成为他情感宣泄的知己。
3．他突然转过身来，在座椅里前后摇晃地开口对我说，“我离家已经三年，一直待在欧洲。我的老乡们三月内别指望见到我了，不过，我与他们已打过招呼了。我在最后离开的站台上与他们通过话，现在，他们想必接到我的快件了。”他一边说，一边搓着手，然后将左手的旅行箱放到右边，右边的换到左边。
4．“你有妻子么？”我问他。“有，还有三个孩子。”他回答，他接着站了起来，再次折叠起他的外套，将其搭在座椅背上。“你现在有点紧张，对吗？”我又问道。
5．“是的，确实紧张，”他告诉我，“你知道吗，一星期来，我没睡过一个安稳觉，”他继续小声地说，“我几乎确信，这列火车肯定会在抵达波士顿前脱轨，我也会扭断脖子。我的运气一直实在太好，好运气不会持久。雨下得太大时，有时，你甚至在想，雨恐怕再也不会停了;可一旦阳光灿烂，你也会想，天，总会这样一如既往地晴下去；正如你对二选一的某种信仰或概念安然若素，你就会被随后变化击垮，这些无非表明，你对这其中关系一无所知。”
6．“那么，根据你的推理，”我说，“因为你期待暴风雨的来临，说明你想继续拥有阳光。”“或许如此，”他说，“不过，这事看来让人好奇，唯一使我考虑的，最终我会安全无恙，当然，我也恐怕不能过关。”
7．“我是个机械师，”他继续说，“我推出一项发明，但无人相信，我花完了所有的钱，试图将这一发现公布于众。我将自己的房子做了抵押，所有财产都没了，人人都嘲笑我，当然不包括我的妻子。她说在我放弃之前，她得拼命干活。后来，我去了英国。刚开始，无论我做什么，都没有任何转机，还差点从伦敦桥上跳下去。再后来，我又去了家工厂，赚足能带回家的钱，就在那里，我遇见了希望见到的人。长话短说，我这次带回五万英镑，喏，情况就是这样。”
8．“很好，”我叫了起来。“是的，”他说，“最好的是，我老婆压根不知道这些。她一直很沮丧，所以，我决定不写信告诉她我走了天大的好运，尽管一拿到钱，我立马准备回家。”
9．“那么，现在，你会使她幸福吗？”“当然！”他回答，“哎呀，你什么也不知道！自从我去英国后，她从早到晚干活支撑这个家，想让孩子们活得更好些。她加工每件衬衫只能拿十三美分的报酬，那就是她上半辈子的活命方式。她会穿着一身粗布衣衫，戴条怕有百年光景的破围巾来车站接我。她觉得，她穿得不错了，或许一周左右，她根本不会买好点的衣服，呃？”
10．陌生人随后又迈步走向过道，蜷缩到一处拐角，或许他觉得这样做，别人才无法看见他，接着又开始表演哑剧——大笑，用嘴做出各种搞笑怪状，在并不宽敞的空间前后摇晃不停。
11．当火车驶入车站后，我下了车，站在我刚坐的那列火车卧铺车厢前面月台上，与那位陌生人对面相望。他一手拎一件行李箱，站在最下一层车厢阶梯，正欲跳到地上。我的目光从他的脸庞，再移到我们之间人群的脸上，一切安然正常。他冷不丁地高喊：“他们在那！”
12．巡睃着前方人群，他忽然大笑起来，简直有点歇斯底里地狂笑。我随着他的目光这才看见，一段距离开外，站着一位矮小女子，衣着一身破旧衣衫，头上帽子龌龊不堪，那女子被周围衣着华丽的人流推搡着，那张在紧张与渴望交集中几乎痛苦变形的脸，急速张望那一节节驶过的车厢。
13．她没有看到那位陌生人，但很快，他终于看见她了，他顿时跳下车，一路拼命地穿过拥挤的人群跑向站台，手里还提着两个皮箱。他冲向她站立的地方。当丈夫一路跑去，妻子脸上霎时出现繁杂难言的表情，我还从未见过这种场面。
14．她不漂亮——相反，她的姿色实在庸常，但不知怎么，看着她，我心中哽咽异常。那女人想笑，可上帝保佑，她却一点没笑出来，她的嘴准备笑的姿态，突然竟僵在那里，她的脸部嘴角肌肉亦没有颤抖，只是快速地眨动眼睛。我估计，人潮汹涌中的她需要费力才能看清那个熟悉的身影，那个有着宽阔肩膀的男人此刻正拼命地挤开人群，快步朝她跑去。
15．当他跑到跟前，扔下行李箱，她转过身子，用手捂住脸，那壮实的男人一把将她像孩子般搂进怀里，将她哭泣的脸贴在他的胸前。
16．两人凝视了很久很久，天知道！我转身片刻，随后注意到他们身旁环状交叉路口边，站着两个衣衫褴褛的男孩，仔细地看着妈妈的一举一动，孩子们一边用袖口擦拭眼睛，一边嚎啕大哭。当我再度打量那位陌生人，他已将帽檐拉下遮住眼睛；而他的妻子正仰脸看着他，似乎疲惫等待岁月中压抑经久的情感爆发，滚滚热泪潸然而下。
LESSON 60
MAKE WAY FOR LIBERTY
请给自由让路
James Montgomery (b. 1771, d. 1854) was born in Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland. His father, a Moravian preacher, sent him to a Moravian school at Fulneck, Yorkshire, England, to be educated. In 1794 he started “The Sheffield Iris,” a weekly paper, which he edited, with marked ability, till 1825. He was fined and imprisoned twice for publishing articles decided to be seditious. His principal poetical works are “The World before the Flood,” “Greenland,” “The West Indies,” “The Wanderer in Switzerland,” “The Pelican Island,” and “Original Hymns, for Public, Private, and Social Devotion.” Mr. Montgomery’s style is generally too diffuse; but its smoothness and the evident sincerity of his emotions have made many of his hymns and minor poems very popular. A pension of ￡300 a year was granted to him in 1833.
1. “Make way for Liberty!” he cried;
Made way for Liberty, and died!
2. In arms the Austrian phalanx[94] stood,
A living wall, a human wood!
A wall, where every conscious[95] stone
Seemed to its kindred[96] thousands grown;
A rampart[97] all assaults to bear,
Till time to dust their frames should wear
A wood like that enchanted grove,
In which, with fiends, Rinaldo strove,
Where every silent tree possessed
A spirit prisoned in its breast,
Which the first stroke of coming strife
Would startle into hideous life:
So dense, so still, the Austrians stood,
A living wall, a human wood!
3. Impregnable[98] their front appears,
All horrent[99] with projected spears,
Whose polished points before them shine,
From flank to flank, one brilliant line,
Bright as the breakers’ splendors run
Along the billows to the sun.
4. Opposed to these, a hovering band,
Contending for their native laud;
Peasants, whose new-found strength had broke
From manly necks the ignoble yoke,
And forged their fetters into swords,
On equal terms to fight their lords;
And what insurgent[100] rage had gained,
In many a mortal fray maintained:
Marshaled once more at Freedom’s call,
They came to conquer or to fall,
Where he who conquered, he who fell.
Was deemed a dead or living Tell!
5. And now the work of life and death
Hung on the passing of a breath;
The fire of conflict burned within;
The battle trembled to begin;
Yet, while the Austrians held their ground,
Point for attack was nowhere found;
Where’er the impatient Switzers gazed,
The unbroken line of lances blazed;
That line ’t were suicide to meet,
And perish at their tyrants’ feet;
How could they rest within their graves,
And leave their homes the home of slaves?
Would they not feel their children tread
With clanking chains above their head?
6. It must not be: this day, this hour,
Annihilates[101] the oppressor’s power
All Switzerland is in the field,
She will not fly, she can not yield;
Few were the numbers she could boast,
But every freeman was a host,
And felt as though himself were he
On whose sole arm hung victory.
7. It did depend on one, indeed:
Behold him! Arnold Winkelried!
There sounds not to the trump of fame
The echo of a nobler name.
Unmarked he stood amid the throng,
In rumination[102] deep and long,
Till you might see with sudden grace,
The very thought come o’er his face;
And by the motion of his form:
Anticipate the bursting storm;
And by the uplifting of his brow,
Tell where the bolt would strike, and how.
But ’t was no sooner thought than done;
The field was in a moment won.
8. “Make way for Liberty!” he cried:
Then ran, with arms extended wide,
As if his dearest friend to clasp;
Ten spears he swept within his grasp:
“Make way for Liberty!” he cried,
Their keen points met from side to side;
He bowed among them like a tree,
And thus made way for Liberty.
9. Swift to the breach[103] his comrades fly;
“Make way for Liberty!” they cry,
And through the Austrian phalanx dart,
As rushed the spears through Arnold’s heart;
While instantaneous as his fall,
Rout, ruin, panic, scattered all.
An earthquake could not overthrow
A city with a surer blow.
10. Thus Switzerland again was free,
Thus Death made way for Liberty!
【中文阅读】
詹姆士 · 蒙哥马利(1771～1854)出生于苏格兰埃尔郡欧文市，他的父亲是摩拉维亚传教士，曾送他去英国约克郡福尔莱克一所摩拉维亚学校接受教育。1794年，他创办了《谢菲尔德彩虹》周报，担任编辑，展现了他惊人的文学才华。1825年，报纸停刊；他因指控发表煽动情绪的文章，两次被罚款入狱。他的主要诗歌作品有《洪水前的世界》、《格陵兰》、《西印度群岛》、《瑞士的流浪者》、《鹈鹕岛》以及《原生态赞美诗》。总体来说，蒙哥马利先生文学风格极为广泛，由于文笔流畅，情感真挚，蒙氏赞美诗以及短篇诗歌一度风靡盛行。1833年，他被授予每年300英镑年金。
1．“请给自由让路！”他高声叫道。
不自由，毋宁死！
2．面对奥匈帝国荷枪实弹的士兵，
一座呼吸的墙，一道生命的丛林。
墙上， 紧密挽手的每块石头，
绵亘着，成千上万的意志凝聚，
血肉之躯，勇猛地抵御外来进攻，
抵命而立，直到时间将其蹂躏成灰。
树林，仿佛施以魔鬼般梦魇，
恶魔，肆无忌惮地施虐横行，
每一棵树，沉默中的丰饶活力，
精神， 囚禁于肉体的牢笼藩篱。
转瞬将至，第一次生死关头，
惊悚于，卑劣的残忍屠戮，
奥匈队列，沉默冷酷密不透风，
一座呼吸的墙，一道生命的丛林！
3．奥匈军队列，坚不可摧，
无数枝，毛骨悚然的枪矛竖起，
刀尖锃亮，阳光下刺眼夺目，
排列齐整，彰显出威严武力，
犹如无数，细碎浪花的翻腾奔涌，
扑向太阳，血色天空中一抹瑰丽。
4．大战当前，高昂的群情激奋，
高声讴歌，民族奋起的精神 ，
农家子弟， 潜在力量訇然爆发，
男子汉脖颈，留有奴隶的卑微印记，
赋权平等， 为心中的耶和华上帝，
将身上锁链，锻造成刀剑锐利无比。
愤怒之火，在起义者心中早已点燃，
维系着， 以死抗争的不灭信念。
自由在召唤，队伍再度整齐，
征服敌人，抑或裹尸疆场，
厮杀声中站立，呐喊声里倒毙，
视死如归，生者死者的袒露秘密。
5．生存抑或死亡，命悬一线，
成功还是败馁，须臾之间，
怒火满腔， 迸发出燃烧火焰，
战栗的战斗， 哗啦啦拉开序幕，
顽强抵抗， 奥匈军固守脚下阵地，
刀剑出鞘， 起义军旋即难觅锋芒，
焦虑的反抗者，如何突出重围？
长矛连绵， 铮铮寒光凛冽，
风卷残云， 他们纷纷拔剑自刎，
最终倒下，暴君脚下的血泊成河。
墓穴里， 死者何以超脱永久安息？
能否忍受， 子孙后代受尽奴役？
如何忍受， 孩子们脚上铁镣叮当，
在他们头顶， 整夜徘徊终日难去？
6．这一日子，这一时刻，
未必所有瑞士人，都能
义无反顾地揭竿起义，
但他们绝不逃避或臣服；
尽管能夸耀的英雄不多，
但所有人都是土地的主人。
国家解放，在于个体奋起，
民族独立，人民需拿起武器。
7．胜利，的确依赖优异个体，
看！ 阿诺德 · 里德激战那里！
听起来，原非什么显赫背景，
风中传扬，一个高山仰止的名字，
回首往事，沉思漫长犀利，
拥挤人群里，他默默无人注意，
或许，突然间他的魅力四射，
电花火石，脸上闪烁睿智，
他英勇善战，预测战局的进展，
他双眉坚毅，运筹帷幄的指挥，
他告诉士兵，如何放弩攻击，
横扫入侵者，千军风卷残云。
电闪雷鸣，不过转瞬之间，
阵地上，胜利的旗帜随风飘扬。
8．“请给自由让路！”他高声叫道。
奔跑中，他伸开无穷宽阔的臂膀，
哪怕，与亲密的朋友拥抱握手，
铁肩横扫，亦能抓过众多矛枪。
“请给自由让路！”声音继续回响，
枪尖锐利，严阵以待的对垒双方，
他躬身如巨椽，伫立士兵中间，
力拔千钧，为获取自由疾奔。
9．进军神速，士兵们英勇异常，
“请给自由让路！”众人异口同声，
他们呼啸着，冲进奥匈军队，
疾驰飞镖，刺中阿诺德的心脏，
他猝然倒下，倒在那片深情土地。
溃败毁灭恐慌，不断蔓延滋长，
即使天崩地裂，亦无法
让普罗大众，如此黯然神伤。
10．瑞士人，终于重获民族解放，
死亡， 毕竟为自由敞开道路！
LESSON 61
THE ENGLISH SKYLARK
英国云雀
Elihu Burritt (b. 1810, d. 1879). “the learned blacksmith,” was born in New Britain, Conn. His father was a shoemaker. Having received only a limited amount of instruction at the district school, he was apprenticed to a blacksmith about 1827. During his apprenticeship he labored hard at self-instruction. He worked at his trade many years, from ten to twelve hours each day, but managed, in the meantime to acquire a knowledge of many ancient and modern languages. He made translations from several of these, which were published in the “American Eclectic Review.” In 1844 he commenced the publication of “The Christian Citizen.” His leading literary works are “Sparks from the Anvil,” “A Voice from the Forge,” “Peace Papers,” and “Walks to John o’ Groat’s House.” From the last of these the following selection is abridged.
Take it in all, no bird in either hemisphere equals the English lark in heart or voice, for both unite to make it the sweetest, the happiest, the welcomest singer that was ever winged, like the high angels of God’s love. It is the living ecstasy[104] of joy when it mounts up into its “glorious privacy of light.”
On the earth it is timid, silent, and bashful, as if not at home, and not sure of its right to be there at all. It is rather homely withal, having nothing in feather, feature,or form to attract notice. It is seemingly made to be heard, not seen, reversing the old axiom[105] addressed to children when getting noisy.
Its mission is music, and it floods a thousand acres of the blue sky with it several times a day. Out of that palpitating[106] speck of living joy there wells[107] forth a sea of twittering ecstasy upon the morning and evening air. It does not ascend by gyrations[108], like the eagle and birds of prey. It mounts up like a human aspiration.
It seems to spread its wings and to be lifted straight upwards out of sight by the afflatus[109] of its own happy heart. To pour out this in undulating [110]rivulets of rhapsody[111] is apparently the only motive of its ascension. This it is that has made it so loved of all generations[112].
It is the singing angel of man’s nearest heaven, whose vital breath is music. Its sweet warbling is only the metrical[113] palpitation of its life of joy. It goes up over the rooftrees[114] of the rural hamlet[115] on the wings of its song, as if to train the human soul to trial flights heavenward.
Never did the Creator put a voice of such volume into so small a living thing. It is a marvel—almost a miracle. In a still hour you can hear it at nearly a mile’s distance. When its form is lost in the hazy lace work of the sun’s rays above, it pours down upon you all the thrilling semitones of its song as distinctly as if it were warbling to you in your window.
【中文阅读】
伊利户 · 巴瑞特(1810～1879)，这位“有学问的铁匠”出生于美国康涅狄格州新不列颠市，父亲是位制鞋匠，他在当地学校接受的教育极为有限。1827年前后，他成为铁匠铺一名学徒，学徒期间，尽管每天劳作辛苦，他仍然坚持自学。他经营打铁营生多年，尽管每天工作时间长达10～12小时，却想方设法努力自学多门古今语言知识。他曾从事数种语言翻译，这些译文以《美国折中学派评论》为题续集出版。1844年，他开始着手出版《基督徒公民》。他的文学代表作品有《来自铁砧的火花》、《铁匠铺的声音》、《和平论文》和《走向约翰•格罗特的府宅》，以下章节节选自最后一篇。
1．就秉性和声音而言，从南北半球鸟类来看，没有任何一种鸟能与英国云雀相媲美。英国云雀具有两者相得益彰的优秀禀赋，因此成为有史以来有翼物种中最可爱、最快乐、亦是最受欢迎的歌手，犹如上帝钟爱的空中天使。当云雀振翼飞向自己“荣耀之光的隐居”，意味着它追求尘世生活的心醉神迷的世俗幸福。
2．地球上的鸟类中，英国云雀胆怯安静、腼腆害羞，倘若不在巢穴，人们压根不会感到它的存在。英国云雀隶属家常鸟类，其羽毛、秉性或吸引异类的方式并无任何特异。云雀不过宣泄歌声，并非展示其容貌，这一观点其实颠覆了不言而喻的真相，类似大人们眼中吵闹的孩子印象。
3．吟唱乃云雀的生活使命，它每天数次飞掠上千英亩范围的蓝空。除却快乐引起心悸颤抖，从早到晚，云雀幸福的鸣啾随风传来，丝缕不绝。云雀并非像鹰类或其他猛禽盘旋地飞上高空，而是如同人类的呼吸吐纳。
4．云雀似乎张开翅膀，凭借内心愉悦气息，便可径直飞腾向上，飞出人们的视线之外，犹如一条峰回路转的湍急溪流，显然可见，这种气息吐纳为云雀起飞中唯一运动。这也是云雀备受历代人们追捧的缘故。
5．英国云雀是人类最接近天堂的吟唱天使，它的呼吸气息谱写出优美音符，它的柔美颤声来自欣喜中悸动的心中旋律，乘着歌声的翅膀，云雀高高地盘旋在乡村农舍的屋顶，似乎激励人类飞向天空的梦幻翱翔。
6．造物主从未将如此天籁施加这样弱小的生灵。云雀昭示一种生物特异，近似一个完美奇迹。万籁静谧，你甚至可以听见几乎一英里之外云雀的悦耳歌声。阳光穿过云层泻下，雾霭朦胧一片，洇成天空璀璨花边，云雀身影隐去不见，然而，它的半音程颤音清新婉转，宛如立在你的窗前为你鸣啾歌唱。
LESSON 62
HOW SLEEP THE BRAVE
勇士如何安睡
William Collins (b. 1721, d. 1759) was born at Chichester, England. He was educated at Winchester and Oxford. About 1745, he went to London as a literary adventurer, and there won the esteem of Dr. Johnson. His “Odes” were published in 1746, but were not popular. He was subsequently relieved from pecuniary embarrassment by a legacy of ￡2,000 from a maternal uncle; but he soon became partially insane, and was for some time confined in an asylum for lunatics. He afterwards retired to Chichester, where he was cared for by his sister until his death.
1. How sleep the brave who sink to rest
By all their country’s wishes blessed!
When Spring, with dewy fingers cold,
Returns to deck their hallowed mold,
She there shall dress a sweeter sod
Than Fancy’s feet have ever trod.
2. By fairy hands their knell is rung;
By forms unseen their dirge is sung;
There honor comes a pilgrim gray,
To bless the turf that wraps their clay;
And Freedom shall awhile repair
To dwell a weeping hermit there!
【中文阅读】
威廉 · 柯林斯（1721～1759）出生于英国奇切斯特，他曾在温彻斯特和牛津接受教育。1745年左右，他赴伦敦试图在文学上找到发展机会，在那里赢得了约翰逊博士的关注。1746年，他的《诗歌集》出版，但该书反响不大。随后，柯林斯先生因继承舅父2000英镑的遗产馈赠而结束经济窘困，不过很快又因患间歇性癫狂症，一度曾因精神错乱在收容所滞留。他退休后返回奇切斯特出生地，起居生活由他的妹妹照料，直到他最后离世。
1．那沉眠地下的勇士，如何安睡？
坟茔上，撒满母亲祝福的麦穗。
春来了，指尖上露珠冰凉彻骨，
轻轻地，将魂灵皮囊精心描绘。
弹指间，笑盈盈草地嫣红绽绿，
硝烟尽，桃花落，转眼人间仙境。
2．彩弦声声，谁愿将哀伤奏与后人？
蓦然回首，春风破哪首挽歌翻舞？
如今荣耀，照亮朝圣者晦暗墓穴，
青山千古，早捻碎铮铮铁骨入土。
春寒料峭，英雄豪情斯人已远去，
壮志未酬，长歌当哭漫漫自由路。
[1]Avert, to turn aside.
[2]Engineer, an officer in the army, who designs and constructs defensive and offensive works.
[3]Siege, the setting of an army around a fortified place to compel its surrender.
[4]Profound, deep.
[5]Slogan, the war cry or gathering word of a Highland clan in Scotland.
[6]Fervor, intensity of feeling.
[7]Pibroch, a wild, irregular species of music belonging to the Highlands of Scotland; it is
performed on a bagpipe.
[8]Sappers, men employed in making an approach to a fortified place by digging.
[9]Residency, the official dwelling of a government officer in India.
[10]Simultaneous, happening at the same time.
[11]Mazy, winding.
[12]Hoar, white or grayish white.
[13]Emits, sends forth, throws out,
[14]Winnowing, separating chaff from grain by means of wind.
[15]Boon, a gift.
[16]Embroiling, throwing into disorder or contention.
[17]Askance, sideways.
[18]Wilds, woods, forests.
[19]Beset, hemmed in on all sides so that escape is difficult.
[20]Dire, dreadful, terrible.
[21]Waft, a current of wind.
[22]Whelms, covers completely.
[23]Collision, the act of striking together violently.
[24]Precipitated, urged on violently.
[25]Reenforcements, additional troops.
[26]Corps, a body of troops.
[27]Reserve, a select body of troops held back in case of special need for their services.
[28]Bankruptcy. inability to pay all debts, insolvency.
[29]Remittances, money, drafts, etc., sent from a distance.
[30]Maturing, approaching the time fixed for payment.
[31]Provocation, that which causes anger.
[32]Ignominious, infamous.
[33]Weal, prosperity, happiness.
[34]Warder, a keeper, a guard.
[35]Antique, old, ancient.
[36]Saffron, a deep yellow.
[37]Chapeau, a hat.
[38]Puritan. The Puritans were a religious sect who fled from persecution in England, and afterwards settled the most of New England.
[39]Sampler, A sampler is a needlework pattern; a species of fancywork formerly much in vogue.
[40]Supine, listless.
[41]Immortal, undying.
[42]Founded, built, established.
[43]Habitation, place of abode.
[44]Refuge, shelter, protection.
[45]Cony, a kind of rabbit.
[46]Appointed, ordained.
[47]Disposition, disposal.
[48]Graceless, depraved, corrupt.
[49]Reprobate, one morally lost.
[50]Lackey, an attending servant, a footman.
[51]Convened, met together, assembled.
[52]Deceased, dead.
[53] Imprimis (Latin), in the first place.
[54]Chaise, a kind of two-wheeled carriage.
[55] Reformed, returned to a good state.
[56]Profligate, a person openly and shamelessly vicious.
[57]Instrument (a term in law), a writing expressive of some act, contract, etc.
[58]* 译注：Drawl英文姓氏德洛，双关语，意为慢吞吞。
[59]Argued, discussed, treated by reasoning.
[60]Discerning, marking as different, distinguishing.
[61]Behalf, support, defense.
[62]Decreed, determined judicially by authority, ordered.
[63]Cone, a solid body having a circular base, from which it tapers gradually to a point.
[64]Swells, waves.
[65]Serenity, quietness, calmness.
[66]Exquisite, exceedingly nice, giving rare satisfaction.
[67]Sculpture, carved work.
[68]Monochromist, one who paints in a single color.
[69]Polychroic, given to the use of many colors.
[70]Pinnacles, high, spirelike points.
[71]Obliquely, slantingly.
[72]Irrepressible, not to be restrained.
[73] Aquatic, frequenting the water.
[74] Boreas is the name which the ancient Greeks gave to the north wind.
[75]Vocal, having a voice.
[76]Identified, united.
[77]Cupidity, eager desire to possess something.
[78]Tussock, a tuft of grass or twigs.
[79]Cradler, one who uses a cradle, which is an instrument attached to a scythe in cutting grain.
[80]Usurping, seizing and holding in possession by force.
[81]Affect, to pretend.
[82]Devious, winding.
[83]Maneuvers, movements.
[84]Demonstrations, expression of the feelings by outward signs.
[85]Portmanteau, a traveling bag, usually made of leather.
[86]Confidant, one to whom secrets are intrusted.
[87]Dispatch, a message.
[88]Philosophy, reasoning.
[89]Machinist, a constructor of machines and engines.
[90]Mortgaged, given as security for debt.
[91]Gingham, a kind of cotton cloth which is dyed before it is woven.
[92]Pantomime, acting without speaking, dumb show.
[93]Hysterical, convulsive, fitful.
[94]Phalanx, a body of troops formed in close array.
[95]Conscious, sensible, knowing.
[96]Kindred, those of like nature, relatives.
[97]Rampart, that which defends from assault, a bulwark.
[98]Impregnable, that can not be moved or shaken.
[99]Horrent, standing out like bristles.
[100]Insurgent, rising in opposition to authority.
[101]Annihilates, destroys.
[102] Rumination, the act of musing, meditation.
[103]Breach, a gap or opening made by breaking.
[104]Ecstasy, overmastering joy, rapture.
[105]Axiom, a self-evident truth.
[106]Palpitating, throbbing, fluttering.
[107]Wells, pours, flows.
[108]Gyrations, circular or spiral motions.
[109]Afflatus, breath, inspiration.
[110]Undulating, rising and falling like waves.
[111]Rhapsody, that which is uttered in a disconnected way under strong excitement.
[112]Generation, the mass of beings at one period.
[113]Metrical, arranged in measures, as poetry and music.
[114]Rooftree, the beam in the angle of a roof, hence the roof itself.
[115]Hamlet, a little cluster of houses.
