索引
Abramoff,Jack,杰克·阿布拉莫夫,3,30,91,151,152
Abscam,FBI,秘密侦查及起诉腐败官员的行动代号,150
accomplices,共犯,35,45,70,77,107,111,181,196
ACLU,美国公民自由联盟,4, 123, 137, 190
Actual Innocence,本应无罪,70
adversarial system,对抗制,6, 40, 74, 96, 161
African American,非裔美国人,(同样可参见黑人), 10, 33, 101,102, 104—106, 113,114, 126,127, 130, 196, 207, 210
advantaged,极有优势的, 105
disproportionate punishment of,罪行不对等,6
drug convictions,对毒品犯罪的定罪, 105
relationships with police,与警察的关系, 114
African Americans and Latinos,非裔美国人和拉丁裔,6,102
al Qaeda,基地组织,172
American Bar Association,全美律师协会,60, 189, 197
Andersen, Arthur,安达信会计师事务所,154, 158
Anthony, Carmelo,卡梅洛·安东尼,7, 122, 127
Ashcroft, John,约翰·阿什克罗夫特,162, 170
attorney-client privilege,律师-委托人特权,161,162
authoritarianism,专制主义,137, 203,204
Baldwin, James,詹姆斯·鲍德温,114
Bell, Sean,西恩·贝尔,126, 128
Benner, Lawrence,劳伦斯·本纳,87
Bentham, Jeremy,杰瑞米·边沁,94
BET,网站名称,123
biases, social,社会偏见,175
Bibas, Stephanos,斯蒂芬诺斯·比巴斯,89
Bill of Rights,权利法案,55
black: communities,黑人社区,5, 104,105, 108, 113, 137, 146,147, 201, 205
defendants,被告,102, 113
experiences with criminal system,关于刑事制度的经验,102, 113,114, 126
political communities,政治共同体,209. See also African American,同样可参见非裔美国人
Black Panther Party,黑豹党,146, 209
Bonds, Barry,巴里·邦兹,24
Brady v. Maryland,布雷迪诉马里兰州案,58
disclosure requirements,披露要求,58, 94
Brooklyn drug snitch police scandal,布鲁克林告密缉毒警丑闻,32, 88, 185
Brown, Darryl,达里尔·布朗,152
Brown, Ethan,伊森·布朗,124, 127
bugging, third-party,第三方窃听,56
Bulger, Whitey,巴尔杰·怀蒂,33, 36,37
Burglary,入室盗窃,26,106
California Commission on the Fair Administration of Justice,加州公正司法委员会60, 197
Cam'ron,卡梅隆,123—125, 135, 136
Canada,加拿大,64
Canada, Geoffrey,杰弗里·加拿大,125
capital cases,死刑案件,7, 60, 70, 77, 192, 193
Center on Wrongful Convictions,以错误定罪为中心,7, 70, 77, 199
Chambers, Andrew,安德鲁·钱伯森,27
Chamillionaire,富豪,135
Chevigny, Paul,保罗·切维尼,151
child pornography,儿童色情文学,27, 51
children,儿童,126, 130, 132, 136, 207, 211, 212
Chuck D,说唱歌手名,136
Churches,教堂,116, 132, 148
CIA,中情局,169, 172
civilian review boards,民事案件审查委员会,85
civil liberties,公民自由,169, 173
civil rights,民权,9, 136, 137, 146, 173, 203, 205, 207, 209
classified information,机密信息,169
Clinton, William,威廉·克林顿,50
Coco Brothers,说唱歌手组合,135
Cole, David,大卫·科尔,206
Colomb, Ann,安·哥伦布,71
communal harm,对公众的伤害,208
community policing,社区治安,199
compelled waivers,强制豁免,161, 166
Computer Associates,美国联合电脑公司,154, 159, 161
Confrontation Clause,对质诘问权条款,59
constitutional rights,宪法权利,50, 55, 62, 72, 147, 164
Cooper, Anderson,安德森·库珀,123
Corporate Fraud Task Force,企业欺诈特别工作组,154
Corporations,公司,2, 140, 153, 154, 158—161, 163—166, 211
civil liability,企业民事责任,153
cooperation agreements,企业合作协议,158—163
counsel,建议,161
corroboration requirements,佐证要求,7, 60, 81, 190, 192, 196—197
cost-benefit analysis,成本收益分析,12, 119
courts,法院,10, 37, 45, 48, 50—53, 57, 59, 61—63, 67, 76, 87, 91, 97—99, 184, 190, 191, 194, 195; electronic records,电子记录,98
federal,联邦,50, 84, 191; public record,公共记录,98
covert operations,秘密行动,140, 176, 203
crimes: addiction-related,与毒瘾有关的犯罪, 106
authorized,被授权的犯罪,109
black-on-black,黑人犯罪,126
committed by informants,线人所犯罪行,32, 33, 36, 38, 47, 109, 111, 118, 143, 173, 182; condemning,谴责,17
corporate,合作,140, 153, 163, 189
exacerbating,加剧,39
federal,联邦,6
international,国际性犯罪, 66
organizational,有组织的犯罪,30
petty,轻罪,181
political,政治性犯罪, 140
toleration of,对犯罪的容忍, 4, 151
unaddressed,未解决的犯罪, 207
unauthorized,未被授权的犯罪, 32, 109, 110
crime victims,刑事被害人,38, 39, 43, 99, 132, 178, 189, 207, 208, 212
criminalization,犯罪化,202
criminal law, harshness of,犯罪的附带后果,5, 116
criminal procedure,刑事程序,17, 45, 48, 53, 140, 157, 168
disclosure rules,披露规则,10, 54, 88
criminal records,犯罪记录,58, 72, 80, 92, 99
cross-examination,盘问,76—78, 195
culture: informant,告密文化,12, 51, 97, 131, 140, 152, 191; legal,法律文化,12, 65, 83, 88, 89, 139, 206; popular,流行文化,7, 135
white collar,白领文化,154
Dallas fake drug scandal,达拉斯假毒品丑闻,7, 37, 80
data, informant-related,与线人有关的数据,12, 97, 179
Daubert v. Merrell Dow,道伯特诉梅里尔·道氏公司案, 195
Dawson, Angela,安吉拉·道森,130
DEA,美国毒品监督管理局,18, 26, 27, 32, 35, 36, 54, 141, 169, 187
death penalty,死刑,33, 74, 147
defense counsel,辩护律师,6, 16, 17, 23—25, 40, 42, 46, 49, 55, 56, 75, 86, 140, 152, 155, 158, 161, 183, 184
proposal,辩护建议,183
public,公众权利, 42, 80, 184
right to,抗辩权,24, 46, 49, 55, 56, 86, 164
role of,抗辩作用,24, 25, 40, 42, 89, 90, 141, 155, 156, 192
white collar,为白领犯罪案辩护,24, 140, 155, 166
defense informants,辩方线人,186, 187
deferred prosecution agreement(DPA),暂缓起诉协议,159—164, 188—189
Delahunt, William,威廉·德拉亨特, 144—145
DeLorean, John,约翰·德洛林, 95
Democracy,民主,94, 176, 201—203, 205, 210
Diallo, Amadou,阿马杜·迪亚洛, 126, 128
dignitary values,崇高的价值,207, 209
disabilities, mental,精神障碍,41, 185, 206
discovery,发现,10, 37, 58, 60, 78, 81, 84, 91—94, 192, 194, 200
distrust,对警方不信任,8, 33, 77, 108, 111, 114, 116, 118, 126—129, 132, 136
of police,警方,警察,124, 128, 129, 132
DNA technology, DNA技术,7
DOJ guidelines,司法部出台的准则,143
Dostoyevsky, Fyodor,费奥多尔·陀思妥耶夫斯基,201
drug addiction, addicted informants,吸毒成瘾的线人, 3, 26, 28, 41, 54, 69, 88, 109—111, 128, 184—186, 188
importance of,吸毒线人的价值,3, 40, 105, 106, 111
drug economy,毒品经济,119, 124
drug enforcement,缉毒,2, 9, 25, 73, 103, 105, 137, 139, 155, 163, 208
investigative methods,毒品调查方法,26, 35, 66, 115, 119, 185
long-term strategy,禁毒的长期策略,39, 119
racial disproportion,缉毒中的种族歧视,102, 113, 205
in urban communities,城市社区中的缉毒,103, 113, 115
drug informants, problems with,毒品线人的问题,26, 28, 35, 41, 128, 179
drug offenders,毒品犯罪,51, 102, 105, 106
African American,非裔美国人毒品罪犯,102
federal,联邦毒品罪犯,107
incarcerated,被监禁的毒品罪犯,102
drug offenses,毒品犯罪,102, 105, 197
drugs, arrests,逮捕毒贩,5, 104, 186
informants working for,为毒品而从事线人活动的人,54, 88
information about,毒品信息,39
innocent suspects,无辜的毒品嫌疑犯, 80
long sentences,被长期监禁的毒贩,106
organization dynamics, 112, 165, 186
rehabilitation programs,毒贩的再社会化工程,185
suspects compared to white collar suspects,毒品嫌犯与白领嫌犯相比, 155
task forces,毒品特勤部门,3, 4
trafficking and witness intimidation,贩卖毒品和恐吓证人,30, 134
war on,禁毒战争,32
Due Process Clause,正当程序条款,74, 150
Dwyer, Jim,吉姆·德怀尔,70
East Germany, Stasi,斯塔西(原德意志民主共和国的国内保安部队),203, 204
Economy,经济,139, 202
corporate stability,企业经济稳定,160
grey-market,灰市经济, 102
Education,经济,40, 212
electronic surveillance,电子监控,56, 57
national security related,与国家安全有关的电子监控,169
El Rukn,El Rukn,帮派,28
Enron,安然公司,154, 155, 158
Entrapment,诱捕,61, 149, 171
environmental groups,环保团体,148
equality,平等,5, 210; racial,种族平等,177
ESPN,娱乐与体育电视网,127
European drug enforcement,欧洲缉毒局,66
“Everything Secret Degenerates,”任何事情一旦属于秘密,就会发生退化,97
executive privilege,行政优益权,97
exonerations,免责申明,69, 70, 77, 79, 80
families, extended,延伸至家庭,103, 107
Fastow, Andrew,安德鲁·法斯托,22, 30, 91, 155
Fastow, Lea,莉亚·法斯托,22
FBI,联邦调查局,19, 26, 32, 36, 37, 47, 54, 61, 97, 107, 109, 119, 141—147, 169—173, 179, 180, 187, 188
agents,联邦调查局探员,37, 141, 150, 182
Boston office,联邦调查局波士顿办事处,36
failure to protect informant,FBI未能保护线人,63
infiltrations,渗透,148
informant failures,线人行动失败,97, 144
informant Gary Rowe,线人加里·罗,146
informants and Martin Luther King,线人和马丁·路德·金,146
informants committing crimes,线人承认犯罪,144
informant William O'Neal,线人威廉·奥尼尔,146
mafia informants,黑手党中的线人,36, 97, 119, 144
national security investigations,国家安全调查,170
neo-Nazi informant,新纳粹组织中的线人,146
number of informants,线人数量,141
regulations,规制,19, 26, 47, 141, 145, 170, 179, 180, 187
secrecy,保密,97
terrorism informants,恐怖组织中的线人,172
federal antigratuity act,联邦反酬金法案(该法案禁止向证人提供“任何有价值的东西”),60
federal bank bailout,联邦银行救助计划,154
Federal Tort Claims Act,联邦侵权赔偿法案,62, 63
Fifth Amendment,宪法第五修正案,55, 56, 86
Filip Memorandum,菲利普备忘录,158, 161, 162, 165, 189
First Amendment,宪法第一修正案,2, 94—96, 147—149
Fitzgerald, Dennis,丹尼斯·菲茨杰拉德,18, 23, 24, 36, 40
Flemmi, Stephen,斯蒂芬·弗莱米,33, 36, 142
Forbes,福布斯,153, 160
Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act(FISA),外国情报监听法案,169
Forfeiture,没收,27, 54, 142
Fortunato, Stephen,史蒂芬·福图纳托,153
Fourth Amendment,宪法第四修正案,55, 56, 85, 86, 169
France,法国,66
Fratianno, Jimmy,吉米·弗拉蒂安诺,72, 142
fraud, corporate,公司欺诈,22, 26, 139, 154
Freedom of Information Act,信息自由法案,92
free speech,言论自由,95, 147, 203
gangs,犯罪团伙,2, 28, 33, 43, 77, 112, 131—134
drug activity,团体犯罪活动,132
Gepfert,Amy,艾米·格普费特,4,41,62
Germany,德国,65, 66
Giglio v. United States,吉利奥诉合众国案,58, 93
Goldstein, Tom,汤姆·戈登斯坦,75
Goodfellas(movie),好家伙(电影名),30
Gotti, John,约翰·戈蒂,3, 143
Governance,治理,103, 116, 176, 203. See also democracy,亦可参见民主
Gravano,Salvatore “Sammy the Bull,”塞尔瓦托·格拉瓦诺“公牛萨米”,3,26,143
Great Britain,大不列颠,64
Griffin, Lisa,丽萨·格里芬,161
Gross, Samuel,萨缪尔·格罗斯,70, 79
Guantanamo Bay,关塔莫湾,167
Hampton, Fred,弗雷德·汉普顿,146
Handlers,管理者、操控者,18, 19, 22, 26, 32, 48, 141, 143, 144, 168, 173
Harlem,哈莱姆(纽约市的一个区),2, 8, 125
Harris, George,乔治·哈里斯,72, 186, 195
Hearne, Texas,得克萨斯·赫恩,3, 4, 26, 185, 206
Hell's Angels,地狱天使,77
Hill, Henry,亨利·希尔,30
Hill, Marc Lamont,马克·拉蒙特·希尔,137
hip hop,嘻哈文化,7, 124, 125, 128, 135, 136, 138. See also rap,亦可参加rap
Hispanic,西班牙语国家,113, 127
households,西班牙裔住户,5, 113. See also Latino,亦可参见Latino
Hoffa v. United States,霍法诉合众国案,55, 56, 85
Hoffman, Rachel,瑞秋·霍夫曼,41, 183
Homeland Security,国土安全,173
Hoover, Edgar,埃德加·胡佛,149, 204, 209
Hughes, Graham,格雷厄姆·休斯,17, 157
Human Rights Watch,人权观察社,101
Human Source Review Committee,人资审查委员会,142, 170
Ice T,演员名,125
Illinois Commission on Capital Punishment,伊利诺伊州死刑委员会,70, 192
Immigration,外来移民,29, 168, 173, 202
Immortal Technique,蝰蛇唱片公司(Viper Records)总裁,136
Immunity,豁免,48, 63, 109, 142, 157, 189
impeachment material,指控材料,58, 74, 77, 92, 193, 194
incarceration, policy,监禁政策,202, 208, 212
inequalities, social and economic,社会和经济不平等,166, 175, 202, 203, 207, 212
informant culture,线人文化,84, 99, 163
informants, addicted,对线人的依赖,184, 185
addicted(see drugs); confidentiality,机密线人,10, 84, 96
elimination of,禁止使用线人,112
in-custody,在押期间,60, 70, 178, 197
in-custody(see jailhouse informants); juvenile,青少年线人,185(see also juvenile informants); mafia,黑手党,36, 97, 119, 144
noncustodial,非在押线人,178
political,线人政治,146, 149, 151
testimony,线人的证词,7, 9, 60, 171, 198, 199
unreliability,不可靠的线人,60, 63, 77, 197, 198
vulnerable,易受侵害的线人,39, 41, 158, 184
well-resourced,拥有良好资源的线人,40, 42
wired,有线线人,57, 86
witnesses,线人证人,58, 76, 78, 191, 194, 196
innocence movement,无辜者运动,7, 192
innocent defendants,无辜被告,7, 69, 72, 78—80
international anti-terrorism effort,国际反恐努力,1, 66, 173
internet,互联网,97, 98
court website access,访问法院网站的途径,84
interrogation,质问,23, 24, 206
investigative techniques,侦查技术,55, 81, 85, 86, 88, 89, 149, 169
Israel,犹太人,204
Italy,意大利,65, 66
Jackson-Lee, Sheila,希拉·杰克逊·李,196
Jacobs, Bruce,布鲁斯·雅各布斯,111
Jailhouse Informant Committee,监狱线人委员会,190
jailhouse informants(see also informants, in-custody),监狱线人,7, 54, 56, 60, 64, 70—72, 75, 178, 189, 190, 192, 193, 197, 198
central index,中央索引,190
corroboration requirement,佐证要求,197
prison ring,狱侦耳目,71
Japan,日本,67
Jeffery, Marvin,马文·杰弗里,16, 17, 38
Jencks Act,詹克斯法案,59
Jessamy, Patricia,帕特里夏·杰萨米,131
Jewish orthodox community,犹太东正教社区,4
Johnston, Kathryn,凯瑟琳·约翰斯顿,1, 2, 28, 43, 88, 191, 206, 208
judicial discretion and review,司法裁量与司法复核,31, 85, 89, 104, 161, 190, 191
juries,陪审团,17, 52, 58, 72, 75—78, 80, 150, 189, 191, 194, 195, 197—199
distrust of informants,对线人的不信任,77
instructions,对线人的指导,78, 192, 197, 198
juvenile informants,青少年线人,41, 112, 184, 188
Kaufman Commission,考夫曼委员会,64
Kelly, Regina,瑞金娜·凯莉,206
Kennedy, Anthony,安东尼·肯尼迪,95
Kennedy, David,大卫·肯尼迪,115
Kennedy, Randall,兰德尔·肯尼迪,114, 207
Khanna, Vikramaditya,维克拉马迪亚·卡纳,163
King, Martin Luther,马丁·路德·金,146
KPMG,毕马威会计师事务所,154, 159, 160, 164
La Cosa Nostra,意大利黑手党成员,36
Latino,拉丁裔,102, 130, 208. See also Hispanic law, biblical, 196
traditional Jewish,传统犹太人,5
Law and Order SVU,法律与秩序SVU(电视节目),125
law enforcement, goals,法律实施目标,126, 163
international,国际社会执法,66
law enforcement discretion(see also police, discretion),执法裁量权, 6, 16, 21, 26, 46, 60, 67, 89, 168, 190, 206. See also prosecutorial discretion
Lay, Kenneth,肯尼斯·雷,22, 30
legal system,法律体系,9, 29, 84, 118, 129, 138, 167, 176
legislation,立法,7, 41, 161, 177, 181, 183
legislatures,立法机构,34, 41, 54, 60, 67, 84, 94, 99, 145, 178—181, 184, 193, 194, 210, 211
ceding authority,立法机关授予的权力,10, 67, 181
reform,立法机构改革,41, 60, 178—180, 193, 194
role of,立法机关的角色,34
Lentol, Joseph,兰托尔·约瑟夫,181, 199
liability, governmental,政府责任,62, 63
Lil' Kim,莉儿·金,123, 135
Los Angeles District Attorney's Office,洛杉矶地区检察官办公室,75, 189
Los Angeles Grand Jury investigation,洛杉矶大陪审团调查,75
Los Angeles Rampart scandal,洛杉矶堡垒丑闻,28, 80, 185
Louima, Abner,艾布纳·鲁伊马,126, 128
Lungren,Daniel,丹尼尔·隆格伦,144,145,173
Madinger, John,约翰·麦丁格,20, 69
Malcolm X,马尔科姆·X,211
Mallory, Stephen,史蒂芬·马洛里,18—20, 40
mandatory minimum sentences,强制性最低刑期,51, 104
Mann, Kenneth,肯尼斯·曼,155
Martorano, John,约翰·马托拉诺,33
Marx, Gary,加里·马尔克斯,31, 67, 139, 140, 149, 176, 204
Maryland prisons,马里兰州监狱,105
McNulty, Paul,保罗·麦克纳尔蒂,158, 161
Megress, Derrick,德里克·米特里斯,3, 4, 26, 185
Melancon, Tucker,塔克·梅兰肯,71
Menino, Thomas,托马斯·梅尼诺,123
mental disability,精神障碍,184
Mexico City,墨西哥城,138
Mikva, Abner,艾布纳·米克瓦,175
Milken, Michael,迈克尔·密尔肯,153
Miller, Jerome,杰罗姆·米勒,101, 111
Milwaukee,密尔沃基,122, 133, 134
Nadelmann, Ethan,伊桑·纳德尔曼,66
national security,国家安全,169, 170, 173; letters,国家安全信函,169
Netherlands,荷兰,65, 66
Neufeld, Peter,纽菲尔德·彼得,70
news media,新媒体,41, 94, 95, 122, 132, 135, 209
Newton, Huey,休伊·牛顿,136
Ninth Commandment,第九诫,192
Northern Ireland,北爱尔兰,204
O'Brien, Barbara,芭芭拉·奥布莱恩,79
O'Burke, Patrick,帕特里克·奥伯克,186
offenders: black male,非裔年轻罪犯,101
child pornography,儿童色情文学罪, 181
first-time,初犯,160
jailed,受监禁的罪犯,106
recidivist,累犯,106
violent,暴力犯罪的罪犯,39
vulnerable,弱势罪犯,166
white male,年轻白人罪犯,102
one-party consent,单方同意,57
openness, presumption of,对公开性的推定,95, 99
organizations: antiwar,反战组织,203
corrupt,腐败组织143
culpable,犯罪集团,165
terrorist,恐怖组织,29
organized crime,有组织犯罪,25, 30, 139—142
outrageous government conduct,极为离谱的政府行为,61
overenforcement,执法过度,207, 208
Palestinian territories,巴勒斯坦领土,204
PATRIOT Act,爱国者法案,169
Perry, Rick,里克·佩里,196
Philadelphia,费城,54, 133
plea, wired,关联抗辩,49
plea bargaining,辩诉交易,6, 11, 12, 16—18, 41, 79, 84, 89, 96, 157, 176, 192
federal,联邦案件中的辩诉交易,51
negotiations,辩诉交易谈判,54, 83, 194
process,辩诉交易程序, 194
secrecy of,辩诉交易的秘密性,96
trading information,辩诉交易中的信息交换,34
traditional,辩诉交易传统,16, 17, 91
police,警察, 4, 6, 8, 11, 16—19, 23, 24, 26, 27, 34, 36, 42—44, 46
brutality,警察暴行,126
community relations,警察与社区间的关系,2, 8, 118, 132
discretion,警察的裁量权,6, 11, 26, 34, 36, 47, 85(see also law enforcement discretion)
distrust,对警察的不信任,135, 138
legitimacy,警察行为的合法性,115, 129
performance measures,警察的绩效衡量,67, 186
perjury,伪证罪,80
protecting informants,保护线人,27
public cooperation with,警方同公众的合作,128
relations with informants,警方同线人的关系,4
resources,警方的资源,113
police reports,警方报告,47, 85, 90, 133
policification,政治化,202
Posner,Richard,理查德·波斯纳,39
Presser, Jackie,杰基·普雷瑟,143
pretrial diversion,审前分流程序,160
privacy,隐私,55, 56, 67, 169, 203, 204, 206, 207, 210
procedural justice,程序正义,129
procedural protections,程序性保护,45, 69, 81
proffer sessions,同政府举行的会议,21, 22, 156
Project Pat,说唱歌手名,135
prosecutorial discretion,检察裁量权,3, 49, 50, 191, 211. See also law enforcement discretion,亦可参见执法裁量权
prosecutorial guidelines,检察官的线人工作指南,162, 188
prostitution,卖淫,4, 32, 41, 61, 140
public defender,公设辩护人,69, 206
Public Enemy,公敌,136
public scrutiny of informants practices,公众对线人实践的监督,3, 6, 67, 144, 151, 177
race,种族,33, 50, 102, 112, 124, 126, 132, 154, 179, 207
disparate treatment in drug enforcement,毒品执法中基于种族的差别对待,102
institutionalized disparity,种族差距制度化,205
Rachel's Law,雷切尔法,200
racial minorities,少数族裔,3, 153, 206
racial profiling,对种族的刻板看法,85, 114, 126, 208
racial segregation,种族隔离,102, 114, 205
Rahman, Sheik Omar Abdel,谢赫·奥马尔·阿卜杜勒·拉赫曼,167
Rap,说唱音乐,123, 135, 136, 138. See also hip hop
reliability hearings,可靠性听证,7, 60, 81, 192, 194, 195, 200
Reno, Janet,珍妮特·雷诺,127
Republican National Convention,共和党全国代表大会,147
Responsible Cooperators Program,线人合作者计划,168
Rhymes,Busta,布斯塔·莱姆斯,123, 124, 135
Richman, Daniel,丹尼尔·里奇曼,23, 25, 156
Ross, Jacqueline,杰奎琳·罗斯,64, 66
Salem,Emad,埃马德·塞勒姆,167
Sampson, Robert,罗伯特·桑普森,114
San Diego Search Warrant Project,圣地亚哥搜查令项目,113
Saunders,Rayco,雷科·桑德斯,121—123
Scarface,说唱歌手,135
Scheck, Barry,巴里·舍克,70
Schwarzenegger, Arnold,阿诺德·施瓦辛格,60, 197
Scrushy, Richard,理查德·斯克鲁希,156
Seale, Bobby,鲍比·西尔,136
Searches,搜查,5, 19, 31, 55, 70, 81, 85, 88, 113, 180
selection bias,选举偏见,150
sentences, mandatory,执行死刑,29, 33, 51, 128
sentencing guidelines,量刑指南,25, 26, 29, 47, 48, 50—53, 141, 142, 159, 170, 187—190
Sentencing Guidelines, federal,联邦量刑指南,79, 104
Sex,性,4, 28, 37, 41, 61, 62
Sharpton, Al,阿尔·夏普顿,2
Simon, Jonathan,乔纳森·西蒙,176, 201, 205
Skilling, Jeffrey,杰弗里·斯基林,154, 155
Sklansky,David,大卫·斯克兰斯基,203
Skolnick, Jerome,罗姆·斯科尔尼克,93, 110
Smith,Kemba,肯巴·史密斯,50
Smithsonian,史密森学会,2
social consequences of snitching,告密的社会影响,5, 8, 9, 13, 101, 108, 111, 117, 129, 176, 202, 207
sociology,社会学,40, 107, 111
solitary confinement,单独监禁,42
Soviet Union, former,前苏联,66
sports doping scandal,体育竞技兴奋剂丑闻,30
stop snitching,停止告密,7, 121—129, 131—133, 135—138, 199, 209, 210
cultural phenomena,停止告密的文化,10, 135, 136; DVD, 7, 10, 122, 124, 25, 127, 131, 133, 134; motto,停止告密口号,124, 138
t-shirts,停止告密文化衫,7, 10, 121—124, 133, 134, 138
Stuntz, William,威廉·斯顿茨,34
Suge, Skinny,说唱歌手名,122
surveillance, wired informant,被监禁的线人,57
S-visa,S—签证,29
target letter,目标信,24, 155
targets, selecting,选择目标,11, 36, 73
Tats Cru,特茨克鲁,2
terrorism informants,恐怖主义犯罪线人,167, 168, 171—173
active,恐怖活动,172
domestic,国内恐怖主义活动线人,170
text-messaging crime tip program,短信犯罪举报计划,134, 199
Title III,第三类申请,57
Tonry, Michael,迈克尔·汤里,117
Toure,作家图埃,128
Transparency,透明度,89, 94—96, 98, 141, 176, 191, 194
Travis, Jeremy,杰里米·特拉维斯,127
trial-based reforms,审判为基础的诉讼制度,192
trial penalty,审判处罚,79
Trott, Stephen,斯蒂芬·特罗特,69, 77, 163
Trust,信任,43, 111, 115, 118, 128, 129, 131, 132, 166, 199
Tulia, Texas,得克萨斯州的图里亚,80, 185, 196
“two witness” rule,两名证人规则,196
Tyler, Tom,汤姆·泰勒,115, 128, 129
uncharged suspects,未受起诉犯罪嫌疑人,46, 183
undercover operations,卧底行动,7, 35, 39, 65, 66, 167
underenforcement, 129, 131, 207, 208
underground economy,灰色经济,103
unemployment,失业,102
United States v. Ruiz,在合众国诉鲁伊斯案,58, 92, 93, 97, 193
urban communities,城市社区,2, 10, 39, 101—103, 113, 117, 139, 207
disadvantaged,处于弱势地位的社区,129, 130, 137, 205
drug enforcement in,城市社区的毒品执法,101
high crime,城市社区的高犯罪率,39,108,110,113,116,118,119,126,130,132,133,135,138,166,179,181,199,202
informants in,城市社区中的线人,103
responses to snitching, 126, 134, 210
vulnerable, 5, 103, 138, 204, 207
U.S.Congress,美国国会,50, 51, 59, 83, 97, 151, 154, 161
U.S.Department of Justice,美国司法部,24, 26, 47, 71, 97, 141, 143, 153, 154, 159, 162, 172, 180, 189
U.S.House Judiciary Committee,联邦众议院司法委员会,144, 162, 186, 199
U.S.House of Representatives,联邦众议院,36, 97
U.S.Judicial Conference,全美司法委员会,98
Venkatesh, Sudhir,苏迪尔·文卡特什,102
victims and victimization,受害人与被害人,5, 102, 103, 114, 158, 181, 208, 209
video cameras,摄像机,55, 57
warrants,逮捕令,1, 55, 57, 59, 61, 86, 88
false applications,伪造的搜查令申,1
informant-based,基于线人活动的逮捕令,87
phantom affidavits,虚假宣誓书,88
whistleblowers,告密者,9, 178
white,白人,6, 102, 113, 127. See also black
White, Alex,亚历克斯·怀特,1, 28
White, Leslie,莱斯利·怀特,189
white collar crime,白领犯罪,9, 140, 154
white supremacist groups,白人至上主义团体,146
whosarat.com,网址,98
wiretaps,窃听器,31, 55, 57, 86, 146, 169
witness intimidation,恐吓线人,42, 43, 98, 112, 124, 129, 131—134, 138, 177, 183, 209
witness protection,保护证人,3, 30, 42, 131, 133, 142, 143, 168, 182, 183
federal programs,联邦保护证人计划,26, 75, 182
state programs,州保护证人计划,29
strengthening,强化证人保护,182
WITSEC,联邦政府的证人安全计划,182
working off a charge,抵消指控,22, 91
WorldCom,世通公司,154
wrongful convictions,错误定罪,7, 12, 63, 64, 70—72, 77, 78, 81, 113, 145, 194
Yaroshefsky, Ellen,艾伦·亚罗舍夫斯基,21, 35
Young Jeezy,说唱歌手名,135
Zimmer Holdings,美国捷迈医疗公司,162
